High-titer anti-IH cold autoantibodies causing abnormal blood agglutination: a case report
10.13303/j.cjbt.issn.1004-549x.2026.02.015
- VernacularTitle:高效价抗-ⅠH冷自身抗体导致血液异常凝集1例
- Author:
Feng LI
1
;
Yanhua ZHANG
1
;
Tianjun LI
1
;
Jin CHE
1
Author Information
1. Beijing Tongzhou District Central Blood Station, BeijingTongzhou 101100, China
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
cold agglutination;
I antigen;
anti-IH
- From:
Chinese Journal of Blood Transfusion
2026;39(2):261-264
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Objective: To analyze the causes of abnormal blood agglutination caused by high-titer cold antibodies in blood donors from a serological perspective. Methods: The donor's blood type was identified using the tube method. Direct antiglobulin test (DAT), indirect antiglobulin test (IAT), and antibody titer detection were performed on the samples. Results: The blood type of the donor was type B, and the DAT was negative. No complement components were detected on the surface of the donor's red blood cells. The supernatant of the suspended red blood cells was clear without abnormal coloration, and the agglutinated clumps were intact and difficult to dissociate. The antibody was identified as an IgM-type anti-IH cold agglutinin. At 4℃, this antibody reacted with autologous red blood cells, adult group B red blood cells, adult group O red blood cells, cord blood group B red blood cells and cord blood group O red blood cells, with a stronger reaction intensity observed with group O cells than with B cells. The titers were 512, 128, 256, 32 and 128, respectively. Conclusion: High-titer anti-IH can cause abnormal agglutination of blood at low temperatures. During blood distribution and clinical use, the appearance of blood products shall be strictly inspected to prevent the release of non-conforming blood products.
