Early-Onset Neonatal Sepsis and Antibiotic Use at Mother and Newborn Hospital, Mahosot Hospital, Vientiane Capital, Lao PDR

Chittaphone Sayyavong; Pakaphan Kiatchoosakun; Junya Jirapraditha; Mayfong Mayxay; Buasaengniyom Phrasidthideth; Phommady Vesaphong

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Early-Onset Neonatal Sepsis and Antibiotic Use at Mother and Newborn Hospital, Mahosot Hospital, Vientiane Capital, Lao PDR

Author: Chittaphone Sayyavong ¹ ; Pakaphan Kiatchoosakun ² ; Junya Jirapraditha ² ; Mayfong Mayxay ³ ; Buasaengniyom Phrasidthideth ⁴ ; Phommady Vesaphong ⁴
Author Information

1. Faculty of Medicine, University of Health Sciences, Vientiane Capital, Laos.
2. Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Thailand.
3. Director office, University of Health Sciences, Vientiane Capital, Lao PDR
4. Pediatric Department, Mahosot Hospital, Vientiane Capital, Lao
Collective Name:LMJ
Publication Type:Journal Article
Keywords: Early-onset neonatal sepsis, antibiotic, Mother and newborn Hospital, Mahosot Hospital
From:Lao Medical Journal 2023;14(14):71-78
CountryLao People's Democratic Republic
Language:English
Abstract: Background: :Neonatal sepsis is the most common cause of neonatal mortality in Lao PDR, however, there are limited contemporary data on the incidence of early-onset sepsis in Lao PDR. Antibiotics are most commonly used in intensive care units and intermediate care unit for maternal risk and clinical signs of early-onset neonatal sepsis.
Objectives: :To describe early-onset neonatal sepsis by clinical signs, laboratory results, and antibiotic usage in neonates admitted to Mother and Newborn Hospital and Mahosot Hospital in Vientiane, Lao PDR
Methodology: :This study is a descriptive study of neonates admitted within 3 days of life, early-onset neonatal sepsis was defined as a neonate who presented with two or more clinical signs or laboratory results suggesting sepsis and received antibiotics for at least 3 days.
Results: :Among 500 cases the common clinical presentations of EOS are oxygen requirement or need for ventilation support in 304 infants (60.8%) temperature instability in 223 infants (44.6%) and increased serum bilirubin in 154 infants (30.8%) There were 13 infants (2.6%) diagnosed with culture-proven sepsis from positive blood culture. The causative organisms were predominantly gram-negative bacilli such as Escherichia coli, and Acinetobacter baumannii, and gram-positive cocci such as Staphylococcus aureus, and Group B Streptococci. The rate of antibiotic usage is very high, ampicillin was prescribed in 489 (97.8%) and gentamicin in 438 infants (87.5%), the duration of antibiotic therapy was 5 to 14 days.
Conclusion: :The rate of culture-proven early-onset neonatal sepsis was low, but there was a very high rate of antibiotic usage. Antibiotic stewardship should be strongly emphasized.
Full text:2026030212393287788ບົດທີ_08. Dr. Chittaphone_Mannualscript (LMJ_14) update 19.02.2025.pdf