A Review of Methods for Establishing and Evaluating Animal Models of Stroke
10.12300/j.issn.1674-5817.2025.037
- VernacularTitle:脑卒中动物模型构建与评价方法评述
- Author:
Yunrong YANG
1
;
Wenyu WU
2
;
Yue TAN
3
;
Guofeng YAN
4
;
Yao LI
4
;
Jin LU
4
Author Information
1. Outpatient Department, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
2. School of Global Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
3. Department of Encephalopathy, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200040, China
4. Department of Laboratory Animal Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
Stroke;
Animal model;
Ischemic stroke;
Hemorrhagic stroke;
Modeling methods;
Model optimization
- From:
Laboratory Animal and Comparative Medicine
2026;46(1):94-106
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Stroke is one of the leading causes of disability and mortality worldwide. Research into its mechanisms and the development of therapeutic strategies heavily rely on animal models that accurately replicate the pathological features of human disease. An ideal animal model for stroke should not only reproduce the neurological deficits and pathological changes observed in clinical patients but also demonstrate good reproducibility and translational value. This review focuses on the preparation and evaluation methods of ischemic stroke animal models. Firstly, it elaborates on the selection criteria, advantages, and disadvantages of experimental animals, including rodents (rats, mice) and non-rodents (non-human primates, miniature pigs, rabbits, zebrafish). Secondly, it provides a detailed overview of the modeling principles, key procedures, and application scopes for ischemic stroke models and hemorrhagic stroke models. Furthermore, the review summarizes advances in the applications of emerging technologies—including gene editing [e.g., clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9) gene editing], multimodal imaging (e.g., two-photon microscopy, photoacoustic imaging), artificial intelligence, optogenetics, 3D bioprinting, organoid models, and multi-omics–in model optimization, precise assessment, and mechanistic investigation. Finally, based on a systematic analysis of relevant domestic and international literature from 2019 to 2024, this review discusses model selection strategies based on research objectives, a multidimensional evaluation system encompassing behavioral, imaging, and molecular pathological assessments, and envisions future directions involving technological integration to achieve model precision and individualization. This article aims to provide a comprehensive methodological reference to help researchers select appropriate animal models of stroke according to specific scientific questions.
