Research Advances in Construction Methods and Novel Technologies for Animal Models of Pulmonary Hypertension
10.12300/j.issn.1674-5817.2025.047
- VernacularTitle:肺动脉高压动物模型构建方法及新型技术研究进展
- Author:
Ziyi CHEN
1
;
Hongyan SUN
2
;
Pinfang KANG
2
;
Wenjuan WU
1
Author Information
1. School of Laboratory Medicine, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu 233000, China
2. Department of Physiology, Research Center for Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu 233000, China
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
Pulmonary hypertension;
Animal models;
Monocrotaline;
Sugen5416;
Organoid
- From:
Laboratory Animal and Comparative Medicine
2026;46(1):81-93
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Pulmonary hypertension (PH), marked by sustained elevation of pulmonary artery pressure, imposes a heavy burden on the right ventricle and may culminate in right heart failure. Its pathogenesis is multifaceted, encompassing endothelial dysfunction, vascular smooth muscle proliferation, inflammation, thrombosis, and genetic factors. Animal models serve as core tools for exploring PH mechanisms and therapies, each with unique strengths and limitations. The single-dose monocrotaline (MCT) model is one of the most commonly used experimental animal models of PH and is widely applied in mechanistic studies, drug screening, and efficacy evaluation; it offers simplicity and cost-effectiveness, can induce PH within a short period, yet its pathophysiology differs to some extent from human idiopathic PH. In contrast, the Sugen5416 combined with chronic hypoxia model better mimics PH progression by placing animals under hypoxic conditions to induce pulmonary vasoconstriction and vascular remodeling, but it requires a longer modelling time, and the degree of hypoxia has a substantial impact on experimental outcomes. Beyond these two commonly used modeling approaches, a variety of emerging techniques have been applied in PH research; gene-editing technologies enable precise investigation of specific gene functions in PH. Additionally, induced pluripotent stem cell-based 3D organoid technology allows for individualized modelling while preserving patients' genetic information for precise clinical translation. Each model or technology can simulate different aspects of the pathological processes of human PH, and their findings provide key insights into the nature of the disease and serve as an important platform for the development of novel therapeutic targets. This paper comprehensively describes various animal models and emerging technologies used in PH research, analyzing their characteristics, applications, and limitations, with the aim of providing experimental and technical support for the development of new therapeutic strategies and drugs.
