Research progress in the signaling pathways of thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy
10.3980/j.issn.1672-5123.2026.3.18
- VernacularTitle:甲状腺相关眼病信号通路的研究进展
- Author:
Xiaoying LIU
1
;
Xianfang PU
1
;
Jianshu KANG
1
Author Information
1. The Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University;the Second People's Hospital of Yunnan Province;Yunnan Eye Hospital;Yunnan Ophthalmic Disease Clinical Medical Center;National Key Clinical Specialty, Kunming 650000, Yunnan Province, China
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy;
signal pathway;
immune inflammation;
oxidative stress;
fibrosis;
therapeutic targets
- From:
International Eye Science
2026;26(3):467-472
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy(TAO)is a common autoimmune complication in thyroid diseases. Its pathogenesis is complex and involves the abnormal activation of multiple signaling pathways. With the rapid development of molecular biology and genomics technologies, the signal transduction mechanisms and regulatory networks related to TAO have been deeply analyzed. At present, studies have found that the interaction between the TSH receptor(TSHR)and the insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor(IGF-1R)signaling pathway, as well as immune inflammation-related pathways, oxidative stress, and calcium signaling pathways, play important roles in the pathogenesis of TAO. In addition, the research on the regulatory mechanism of non-coding RNA and fibrosis-related signaling molecules has gradually become the focus. Despite much advancement, there are still many unsolved mysteries regarding the exact pathogenesis of TAO. This article aims to systematically review the latest research progress of the main signaling pathways of TAO. By combining the latest achievements in gene expression profiles, single-cell sequencing and drug design, it analyzes potential therapeutic targets and the development directions of innovative drugs, providing a theoretical basis for the pathological mechanism of TAO and a scientific basis for the optimization of clinical treatment strategies at the same time.
