GEO database-based investigation on the expression and role of mitochondrial metabolism genes AKT1, ATP5F1, and BAG3 in pterygium
10.3980/j.issn.1672-5123.2026.3.06
- VernacularTitle:基于GEO数据库探讨翼状胬肉线粒体代谢基因AKT1与ATP5F1及BAG3表达与作用
- Author:
Shiyi WANG
1
;
Jing WANG
1
;
Hua WANG
1
;
Yuping CHEN
1
Author Information
1. Department of Ophthalmology, Dafeng People's Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu Medical College, Yancheng 224199, Jiangsu Province, China
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
pterygium;
GEO database;
mitochondrial metabolism;
serine/threonine kinase 1(AKT1);
ATP synthase F1 subunit(ATP5F1);
Bcl-2-associated anti-apoptotic gene 3(BAG3)
- From:
International Eye Science
2026;26(3):398-404
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
AIM: To investigate expression differences and mechanism of action of serine/threonine kinase 1(AKT1), ATP synthase F1 subunit(ATP5F1), and Bcl-2-associated anti-apoptotic gene 3(BAG3)in the occurrence and progression of pterygium.METHODS:Pterygium-related gene expression data were retrieved from GEO database to screen differentially expressed genes(DEGs). String and Cytoscape were used to construct protein-protein interaction(PPI)networks and identify core targets. GO/KEGG enrichment analyzed mitochondrial metabolic pathways. The pterygium samples(head/body)were collected; pathological features were evaluated by HE staining, and the expression of AKT1, ATP5F1, and BAG3 was detected via immunohistochemistry(IHC).RESULTS:A total of 1 264 DEGs were identified(585 upregulated, 679 downregulated). GO analysis showed significant enrichment of mitochondrial pathways regarding to biological processes, cell components and molecular functions; KEGG analysis highlighted oxidative phosphorylation and chemical carcinogenesis-reactive oxygen species(ROS)pathways. The head and body pterygium samples were collected from 28 cases(28 eyes)that received pterygium surgery, including 7 males(7 eyes)and 21 females(21 eyes), with a mean age of 69.32±8.98 years. HE staining showed more severe dysplasia, disordered stroma, and inflammation in the pterygium head versus the body. IHC detection confirmed significantly lower AKT1, ATP5F1, and BAG3 expression in the head compared with the body(all P<0.05).CONCLUSION:GEO-based bioinformatics and experiments confirmed that AKT1/ATP5F1/BAG3(mitochondrial genes)had significant differential expression in pterygium, correlating with pathological progression. They may regulate mitochondrial metabolism to mediate pterygium progression, offering new insights for targeted therapy.
