A retrospective study on the feasibility of regional citrate anticoagulation as a base source for replacement fluid in continuous renal replacement therapy
10.3760/cma.j.cn114656-20250310-00171
- VernacularTitle:局部枸橼酸抗凝作为连续性肾脏替代治疗置换液碱基来源可行性的回顾性研究
- Author:
Yachao WANG
1
;
Dingyu TAN
;
Peng CAO
;
Jun XU
;
Bingxia WANG
Author Information
1. 徐州医科大学扬州临床学院，江苏省苏北人民医院急诊医学科,扬州 225001
- Keywords:
Continuous renal replacement therapy;
Continuous veno-venous hemofiltration;
Citrate anticoagulation;
Metabolic alkalosis;
Metabolic acidosis
- From:
Chinese Journal of Emergency Medicine
2025;34(10):1425-1431
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of utilizing bicarbonate derived from the metabolism of regional citrate anticoagulation (RCA) as the sole base source for replacement fluid in continuous veno-venous hemofiltration (CVVH).Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on ICU patients who underwent RCA combined with CVVH between July 2024 and February 2025, with pre-treatment serum bicarbonate levels ranging from 18 mmol/L to 27 mmol/L. Patients managed with the "traditional RCA protocol" (4% citrate initially set at 1.2–1.5 times blood flow rate), using commercial calcium-containing replacement fluid (4 L/bag) with additional sodium bicarbonate supplementation, were assigned to the control group. Those treated with the "fixed RCA protocol" (targeting an extracorporeal citrate concentration of approximately 4 mmol/L), with a total effluent-to-citrate flow ratio of 9–10:1 and no supplemental sodium bicarbonate, were assigned to the study group. Outcomes included the incidence of metabolic acid-base disorders, amount of sodium bicarbonate used, filter lifespan, adverse events (e.g., bleeding), and 28-day mortality.Results:A total of 86 patients were enrolled, with 42 in the control group and 44 in the study group. The incidence of metabolic alkalosis was significantly higher in the control group (30.9%) than in the study group (2.3%) ( P < 0.001), while no significant difference was observed in the incidence of metabolic acidosis. Three patients in the study group received additional sodium bicarbonate during CVVH. The median sodium bicarbonate usage in the study group was 0 (0–5.6) mL, significantly lower than that in the control group [15.3 ( 8.3–24.3)] mL, P = 0.002). Filter lifespan was significantly shorter in the control group (36.4 ± 19.2 hours) compared to the study group (51.2 ± 17.6) h; P < 0.001]. Post-filter ionized calcium was significantly higher in the control group [(0.39 ± 0.08) mmol/L) than in the study group [(0.32 ± 0.09) mmol/L; P < 0.001]. CVVH was discontinued due to filter clotting in 71.4% of control patients, compared to 36.4% in the study group ( P < 0.05). In contrast, 45.5% of study group patients discontinued CVVH due to meeting treatment goals, versus only 9.5% in the control group ( P < 0.05). No treatment-related bleeding or citrate accumulation events occurred in either group. The 28-day mortality was 28.6% in the control group and 29.5% in the study group, with no statistically significant difference. Conclusions:In relatively stable patients, RCA can serve as a safe and effective independent base source for CVVH replacement fluid. This approach not only ensures adequate anticoagulation but also significantly reduces the incidence of metabolic alkalosis.
