Research advances in central positional nystagmus
10.19845/j.cnki.zfysjjbzz.2025.0207
- VernacularTitle:中枢性位置性眼震的研究进展
- Author:
Xia LING
1
;
Xu YANG
1
;
Zhaoxia WANG
1
Author Information
1. Department of Neurology， Peking University First Hospital， Beijing 100034， China
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
Central positional nystagmus;
Cerebellar nodulus;
Uvula;
Tonsil;
Velocity storage mechanism
- MeSH:
Uvula
- From:
Journal of Apoplexy and Nervous Diseases
2025;42(12):1145-1149
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Central positional nystagmus （CPN） is a form of positional nystagmus caused by lesions of the central vestibular system. Since the clinical manifestations and nystagmus features of CPN are highly similar with those of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo， the diagnosis of CPN is highly challenging. The etiology of CPN is complex， involving both structural lesions such as stroke and tumors and non-structural disorders such as vestibular migraine. The primary lesion sites of CPN included the cerebellar nodulus， the uvula， and the tonsil. CPN can be classified into paroxysmal （transient） CPN and persistent CPN. The clinical features of paroxysmal CPN （including latency， duration， direction， intensity， and their correlation with the type and speed of positional maneuvers） suggest that it originates from the semicircular canal， and its pathogenesis involves post-rotatory rebound nystagmus caused by the disinhibition of irregular afferent signals transmitted to the vestibular nuclei due to central damage （often involving the cerebellar nodulus and the uvula）. Persistent CPN may be caused by damage to the velocity storage pathway， resulting in an erroneous assessment of gravity direction and inertia. This article summarizes the latest advances in the etiology， lesion sites， pathogenesis， clinical features， differential diagnosis， and treatment of CPN in China and globally， in order to help clinicians better understand and identify CPN and thus achieve timely diagnosis and effective treatment.
- Full text:2026012308470807173中枢性位置性眼震的研究进展.pdf
