Research progress on nucleic acid pattern recognition mechanisms and their chemical interventions
10.11665/j.issn.1000-5048.2025052601
- VernacularTitle:核酸模式识别机制及其化学干预的研究进展
- Author:
Jiaqing JIA
1
;
Hui LI
;
Qidong YOU
;
Xiaoli XU
Author Information
1. 中国药科大学药物化学系, 南京211198;江苏省新药分子设计与成药性优化重点实验室, 南京211198
- Publication Type:Journal Article 期刊文章
- Keywords:
nucleic acid immunity;
PRRs;
cancer;
advances in clinical research
- From:
Journal of China Pharmaceutical University
2025;56(4):405-415
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
The innate immune system employs diverse pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) to monitor pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), thereby initiating innate immune responses against pathogenic invasions. This review focuses on RNA, double-stranded DNA (dsDNA), and non-canonical conformational nucleic acid as structural triggers, comprehensively analyzing the immune recognition mechanisms of nucleic acid-sensing PRRs, their disease relevance, and therapeutic advancements. Key receptors highlighted include Toll-like receptors (TLRs), retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I)-like receptors (RLRs), cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS), and Z-DNA-binding protein 1 (ZBP1). We elucidate their pivotal roles in antiviral defense, antitumor immunity, and immune homeostasis maintenance, aiming to provide insights for the development of novel PRR-targeted drugs.
