Characteristic differences between award-winning and first-time blood donors in Guangzhou: a role theory perspective
10.13303/j.cjbt.issn.1004-549x.2025.11.011
- VernacularTitle:角色理论视角下广州市获奖献血者与初次献血者的特征差异研究
- Author:
Yanxia ZHU
1
;
Xiaoxiao ZHENG
1
;
Jinyan CHEN
1
;
Jian OUYANG
1
;
Fengpei LI
1
;
Xiaochun HONG
1
;
Yanlin HE
1
;
Guiyun XIE
1
Author Information
1. Guangzhou Blood Center, Guangzhou 510095, China
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
role theory;
known-groups validity;
donor characteristics;
blood donation behavior
- From:
Chinese Journal of Blood Transfusion
2025;38(11):1548-1555
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Objective: To preliminarily develop a multidimensional blood donor role scale based on role theory and systematically compare the psychosocial characteristic differences between award-winning donors and first-time donors in Guangzhou, and to provide an empirical reference for formulating differentiated donor retention strategies. Methods: A cross-sectional survey design was adopted. A random sample of award-winning donors and concurrently sampled first-time donors yielding 1 361 valid responses collected (721 from the award group, 640 from the first-time group). Exploratory factor analysis was used to assess the scale structure. Data were post-stratified and weighted according to the gender and age distributions of the general donor population. Independent samples t-tests, multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA), and generalized linear models were employed to compare dimensional scores between the two groups. A paired t-test was conducted to analyze the annual donation frequency of award-winning donors before and after receiving the award. Results: Exploratory factor analysis yielded a 5-factor structure, including Role Identity and Expectations, Role Adaptation and Maintenance, Role Environment and Experience, Role Relationships and Conflict, and Role Incentives and Rewards, with a cumulative variance contribution rate of 56.43%. The scale demonstrated good internal consistency reliability (Cronbach's α=0.906). Known-group validity test showed that award-winning donors scored significantly higher than first-time donors on Role Identity and Expectations (t=4.366, P<0.001, d=0.240), Role Adaptation and Maintenance (t=5.436, P<0.001, d=0.500), and Role Relationships and Conflict (t=4.844, P<0.001, d=0.220). These differences remained significant after controlling for selected demographic variables (MANCOVA, Wilks' λ=0.943, P<0.001). Generalized linear models suggested that donation frequency was an independent predictor for these dimensions. Additionally, the annual donation frequency of award-winning donors was slightly higher after receiving the award than before (t=2.007, P=0.045). Conclusion: The preliminary blood donor role scale demonstrates acceptable reliability and validity and can effectively distinguish groups with different donation behavior characteristics. The study reveals that award-winning donors exhibit more positive psychological characteristics across multiple role identity dimensions and maintain their donation behavior after receiving an award. External incentives and internal role identity may jointly contribute to behavioral persistence. The findings provide a preliminary reference for further exploring the formation pathways of donor role identity and developing differentiated donor retention strategies.
