Clinical applications of blood gas analysis: a comparative review of arterial and venous blood gas monitoring in critical care
- Author:
Gyeo Ra LEE
1
Author Information
- Publication Type:Review Article
- From: Acute and Critical Care 2025;40(2):153-159
- CountryRepublic of Korea
- Language:English
- Abstract: Blood gas analysis is an essential diagnostic tool used for assessing acid-base balance, ventilation, and oxygenation in critically ill patients. Arterial blood gas analysis (ABGA) remains the gold standard, primarily due to its accuracy in measuring oxygenation. Venous blood gas analysis (VBGA), in contrast, serves as a less invasive alternative and is particularly useful for evaluating acid-base status and metabolic function. Important parameters such as oxygen saturation of central venous blood (ScvO₂) and venous-to-arterial carbon dioxide pressure difference (∆pv-aCO₂) provide critical insights into hemodynamic status, cardiac output, and tissue perfusion. Although VBGA cannot replace ABGA for the precise assessment of oxygenation, it remains a valuable tool in clinical scenarios involving hemodynamic monitoring, shock management, and critical care decision-making.
