Clinical Distribution Characteristics and Correlation of Cat and Dog Dander Allergens and Mold Allergens
10.13471/j.cnki.j.sun.yat-sen.univ(med.sci).2025.0615
- VernacularTitle:猫狗皮屑过敏原和霉菌过敏原的临床分布特征及相关性
- Author:
Wentao LIU
1
;
Shitong QIN
;
Huanting LI
;
Xin ZHOU
;
Peiran CHEN
;
Yating LI
;
Peiying FENG
Author Information
1. 中山大学附属第三医院皮肤与整形美容科,广东 广州 510630;中山大学附属第三医院过敏科,广东 广州 510630
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
cat dander allergen;
dog dander allergen;
mold allergen;
specific immunoglobulin E;
allergic rhinitis
- From:
Journal of Sun Yat-sen University(Medical Sciences)
2025;46(6):1050-1057
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
[Objective]To explore the distribution patterns and correlations of pet-related cat/dog dander allergens and mold allergens in patients with allergic diseases,providing evidence for individualized diagnosis,treatment,and prevention strategies.[Methods]A retrospective analysis was conducted on 798 patients diagnosed with allergic diseases at the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University between April 2021 and October 2023.All patients underwent UniCAP platform testing for specific immunoglobulin E(sIgE)levels against cat dander,dog dander,and mold mix(mx1/mx2),alongside total IgE(tIgE)quantification.Descriptive statistics,Mann-Whitney U tests,and chi-square analyses were employed to evaluate allergen distribution and interrelationships.[Results]Among the 798 patients(395 males,403 females,ratio 1:1.02),their ages ranged from 0.67 to 69 years(median 14 years,IQR 6-29).A total of 63.2％(504/798)had a single allergic disease,with allergic rhinitis(AR,49.2％)being the most common.The remaining 36.8％(294/798)had≥2 allergic diseases,with AR combined with atopic dermatitis(AD,10.7％)as the predominant comorbidity.The positivity rate for cat/dog dander sIgE was 24.1％(192/798),with a significantly higher prevalence in females(30.8％)than males(16.7％,P<0.05).Cat dander sensitization increased with age in patients under 18 years.Among positive cases,cat dander sIgE level 2 was most frequent(25.9％),while dog dander sIgE level 1 predominated(55％).Patients with cat dander sIgE levels 4-6 had significantly higher tIgE than those with levels 1-3(P<0.05).The positivity rate for mold mix(mx1/mx2)sIgE was 7.4％(59/798),with mx2 as the primary sensitizer and level 2 being the most common.In mx2-positive patients,the cat/dog dander sIgE positivity rate(44.8％)was significantly higher than that in mx2-negative patients(17.9％,P<0.05),and tIgE levels were also higher(P<0.05).[Conclusion]Cat dander sensitization increases with age in children.Cat/dog dander and mold allergens are closely linked to AR and AR combined with AD.Synergistic correlations exist between cat/dog dander sIgE and mold mx2 sIgE.Combined detection of these allergens is critical for precision diagnosis and management of pet-related allergic diseases.
