Clinical Distribution Characteristics and Correlation of Cat and Dog Dander Allergens and Mold Allergens
10.13471/j.cnki.j.sun.yat-sen.univ（med.sci）.2025.0615
- VernacularTitle:猫狗皮屑过敏原和霉菌过敏原的临床分布特征及相关性
- Author:
Wentao LIU
1
;
Shitong QIN
1
;
Huanting LI
1
;
Xin ZHOU
1
;
Peiran CHEN
1
;
Yating LI
2
;
Peiying FENG
1
Author Information
1. Department of Dermatology and Aesthetic Plastic， the Third Affiliated Hospital， Sun Yat-sen University， Guangzhou 510630， China
2. Department of Allergy， the Third Affiliated Hospital， Sun Yat-sen University， Guangzhou 510630， China
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
cat dander allergen;
dog dander allergen;
mold allergen;
specific immunoglobulin E;
allergic rhinitis
- From:
Journal of Sun Yat-sen University(Medical Sciences)
2025;46(6):1050-1057
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
ObjectiveTo explore the distribution patterns and correlations of pet-related cat/dog dander allergens and mold allergens in patients with allergic diseases， providing evidence for individualized diagnosis， treatment， and prevention strategies. MethodsA retrospective analysis was conducted on 798 patients diagnosed with allergic diseases at the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University between April 2021 and October 2023. All patients underwent UniCAP platform testing for specific immunoglobulin E （sIgE） levels against cat dander， dog dander， and mold mix （mx1/mx2）， alongside total IgE （tIgE） quantification. Descriptive statistics， Mann-Whitney U tests， and chi-square analyses were employed to evaluate allergen distribution and interrelationships. ResultsAmong the 798 patients （395 males， 403 females， ratio 1∶1.02）， their ages ranged from 0.67 to 69 years （median 14 years， IQR 6-29）. A total of 63.2% （504/798） had a single allergic disease， with allergic rhinitis （AR， 49.2%） being the most common. The remaining 36.8% （294/798） had ≥2 allergic diseases， with AR combined with atopic dermatitis （AD， 10.7%） as the predominant comorbidity. The positivity rate for cat/dog dander sIgE was 24.1% （192/798）， with a significantly higher prevalence in females （30.8%） than males （16.7%， P＜0.05）. Cat dander sensitization increased with age in patients under 18 years. Among positive cases， cat dander sIgE level 2 was most frequent （25.9%）， while dog dander sIgE level 1 predominated （55%）. Patients with cat dander sIgE levels 4-6 had significantly higher tIgE than those with levels 1-3 （P＜0.05）. The positivity rate for mold mix （mx1/mx2） sIgE was 7.4% （59/798）， with mx2 as the primary sensitizer and level 2 being the most common. In mx2-positive patients， the cat/dog dander sIgE positivity rate （44.8%） was significantly higher than that in mx2-negative patients （17.9%， P＜0.05）， and tIgE levels were also higher （P＜0.05）. ConclusionCat dander sensitization increases with age in children. Cat/dog dander and mold allergens are closely linked to AR and AR combined with AD. Synergistic correlations exist between cat/dog dander sIgE and mold mx2 sIgE. Combined detection of these allergens is critical for precision diagnosis and management of pet-related allergic diseases.
