Analysis of the Cardiovascular Disease Burden Attributable to High Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol in China from 1990 to 2021
10.13471/j.cnki.j.sun.yat-sen.univ（med.sci）.2025.0609
- VernacularTitle:1990—2021年中国归因于高低密度脂蛋白胆固醇的心血管疾病负担分析
- Author:
Yunxiang LONG
1
;
Rouyuan HUANG
2
;
Mingliang WANG
3
;
Yiliu LIU
4
;
Rizhu MO
5
;
Hang LONG
6
;
Xiaowu WANG
1
Author Information
1. Department of Cardiovascular Surgery， Zhujiang Hospital， Southern Medical University， Guangzhou 510280， China
2. Nanfang Hospital， Southern Medical University， Guangzhou 510515， China
3. Department of Cardiovascular Surgery， Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital， Southern Medical University， Guangzhou 510080， China
4. Department of Otorhinolaryngology， Zhongshan People's Hospital， Guangdong Medical University， Zhongshan， 528400， China
5. Shunde Women and Children's Hospital of Guangdong Medical University， Foshan 528300， China
6. Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine， Guangzhou 510405， China
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
disease burden;
cardiovascular disease;
low-density lipoprotein cholesterol;
Joinpoint regression;
age-period-cohort analysis
- From:
Journal of Sun Yat-sen University(Medical Sciences)
2025;46(6):995-1005
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
ObjectiveCardiovascular diseases pose a major public health challenge in China. The burden of cardiovascular disease associated with high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol （LDL-C） has increased steadily nationwide. A comprehensive analysis of secular trends in cardiovascular disease burden and its determinants is crucial for developing targeted interventions and evidence-based health policies. MethodsBased on data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021， we analyzed the trends in deaths， disability-adjusted life years （DALYs）， age-standardized mortality rates （ASMR）， and age-standardized DALY rates （ASDR） of cardiovascular diseases attributable to high LDL-C in China from 1990 to 2021 using Joinpoint regression analysis. An age-period-cohort model was applied to assess the contributions of age， period， and cohort effects to changes in the cardiovascular disease burden attributable to high LDL-C. Projections of the high LDL-C-attributable cardiovascular disease burden in China from 2022 to 2030 were generated using a Bayesian age-period-cohort model. ResultsBetween 1990 and 2021， China saw a substantial rise in both deaths and disability-adjusted life years （DALYs） from cardiovascular disease linked to high LDL-C. Joinpoint regression revealed key turning points in this trend： an overall increase continued until 2004， after which the burden began to fall starting in 2011. Throughout this period， age-standardized mortality and DALY rates were consistently higher in males than in females. Age-period-cohort analysis further indicated that mortality and DALY rates due to high LDL-C increased almost exponentially with age， while period and cohort risks generally decreased over time. Projections suggest a continued decline in age-standardized mortality rates from LDL-C-related cardiovascular disease for both Chinese men and women by 2030. ConclusionRapid population growth and accelerated ageing in China emerge as primary drivers of the escalating cardiovascular diseases burden linked to elevated LDL-C. The burden of cardiovascular diseases is higher in men compared to women. By 2030， the burden of cardiovascular disease caused by high LDL-C in China will remain severe. These findings underscore the critical need for gender-specific screening protocols， age-tailored interventions， and personalized management frameworks to mitigate this public health challenge.
