Epidemiological characteristics and etiological analysis of hand,foot and mouth disease in surrounding areas of Shijiazhuang from 2014 to 2023
10.13200/j.cnki.cjb.004620
- VernacularTitle:2014—2023年石家庄周边地区手足口病流行病学特征及病原学分析
- Author:
Zehao LIU
1
Author Information
1. *Children’s Hospital of Hebei Province, Pediatric Research Institute, Hebei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disease, Shijiazhuang 050031, Hebei Province, China
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- From:
Chinese Journal of Biologicals
2025;38(12):1445-1450
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Objective To explore the epidemiological and etiological characteristics of hand, foot and mouth disease(HFMD)in the surrounding areas of Shijiazhuang from 2014 to 2023, so as to provide a basis for timely detection of changes in pathogen spectrum, further optimization of treatment plans, and taking targeted prevention and control measures in advance.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of children with HFMD who visited Hebei Children's Hospital from January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2023. PCR was used to classify and identify enterovirus 71(EV71), Coxsackievirus A group 16 strain(CA16), and enterovirus undefined(EVU). Descriptive epidemiological statistics and pathogen characteristics analysis were performed on age, gender, season, and other data.Results A total of 26 563 specimens were tested, with a positive rate of 48. 95%(13 003/26 563) and a male to female ratio of 1. 50∶1(15 950 vs.10 613), there was a statistically significant difference in gender ratios between different years(χ~2= 19. 61, P < 0. 05), and the male positive detection rate was higher than that of females(50. 69% vs. 46. 34%), with a statistically significant difference(χ~2= 48. 26,P < 0. 05). The positive rate was highest in 2016(69. 84%) and lowest in 2020(10. 64%). There was a statistically significantly difference in the positive rate of enterovirus detection between different years(χ~2= 2 648. 40, P < 0. 05).Overall, EVU type was the dominant strain of infection in this region, accounting for 75. 37% of cases, followed by EV71 type(18. 42%). After 2018, EVU type has become the absolute dominant strain with a composition rate exceeding 89%. There was a statistically significant difference in the composition of enteroviruses among different years(χ~2= 2 217. 44, P < 0. 05).HFMD occurred throughout the year, with a single peak concentrated in June to August, with a statistically significant difference in the positive detection rate among different months(χ~2= 4 050. 78, P < 0. 05). The composition of enteroviruses in different months was as follows: with CA16 having a higher composition from May to July(7. 11% to 7. 96%), EV71 having a higher composition from March to May(32. 02% to 52. 16%), and EVU having a higher composition from June to December(71. 75% to 82. 96%), with a statistically significant difference(χ~2= 541. 67, P < 0. 05). Among different age groups, the highest positive detection rate(55. 53%) was in the age group of 3-6 years and the lowest rate(33. 42%) was in the age group of older than 6 years, with a statistically significant difference(χ~2= 842. 33, P < 0. 05). The composition of different enteroviruses in different age groups was as follows: with CA16 and EV71 having the highest composition in the age group of1-3 years(8. 33%, 23. 77%), and EVU having the highest composition in the age group of older than 6 years(91. 99%), also with a statistically significant difference(χ~2= 449. 69, P < 0. 05).Conclusion EVU is a common infectious pathogen in the surrounding areas of Shijiazhuang, with a high incidence in children under 3 years old from June to August. This suggests that the epidemic trend of HFMD should be closely monitored, vaccination should be strengthened, and prevention and control measures should be strengthened for key populations.
