Advancements in the regulatory effects and mechanisms of the immune metabolite itaconate in diseases.

Zhongkun CHENG; Jingxian ZHAO; Yanyan LIU; Ling XU; Guangwei ZHAO; Xingwei NI; Xiaowei YANG

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Advancements in the regulatory effects and mechanisms of the immune metabolite itaconate in diseases.

Author: Zhongkun CHENG ¹ ; Jingxian ZHAO ¹ ; Yanyan LIU ¹ ; Ling XU ¹ ; Guangwei ZHAO ¹ ; Xingwei NI ² ; Xiaowei YANG ¹
Author Information

1. College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China.
2. Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550008, Guizhou, China.
Publication Type:English Abstract
Keywords: cell metabolism; genetic regulation; immunization; inflammation; itaconate; metabolites
MeSH: Humans; Succinates/metabolism*; Carboxy-Lyases/genetics*; Inflammation/metabolism*; Citric Acid Cycle; Animals; Epigenesis, Genetic; Neoplasms/immunology*
From: Chinese Journal of Biotechnology 2024;40(11):3888-3901
CountryChina
Language:Chinese
Abstract: Itaconate is a pivotal intermediate metabolite in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle of immune cells. It is produced by decarboxylation of cis-aconitic acid under the catalysis of aconitate decarboxylase 1 (ACOD1), which is encoded by the immune response gene 1 (IRG1). Itaconate has become a focal point of research on immunometabolism. Studies have demonstrated that itaconate plays a crucial role in diseases by regulating inflammation, remodeling cell metabolism, and participating in epigenetic regulation. This paper reviewed the research progress in itaconnate from its chemical structure, regulatory effects on different diseases, and mechanisms, proposes the future research directions, aiming to provide a theoretical basis for the development of itaconate-related drugs.