In vitro osteogenic performance study of graphene oxide-coated titanium surfaces modified with dopamine or silane.
10.7518/hxkq.2025.2024357
- Author:
Qinglin WU
1
;
Yingzhen LAI
1
;
Yanling HUANG
1
;
Zeyu XIE
1
;
Yanyin LIN
1
Author Information
1. School of Stomatology, Xiamen Medical College & Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Biomaterials, Fujian Province University, Xiamen 361023, China.
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
graphene oxide;
osteogenic differentiation;
surface modification;
titanium
- MeSH:
Titanium/chemistry*;
Graphite/chemistry*;
Dopamine/chemistry*;
Animals;
Mice;
Osteogenesis;
Osteoblasts/cytology*;
Surface Properties;
Cell Proliferation;
Silanes/chemistry*;
Cell Adhesion;
Coated Materials, Biocompatible/chemistry*;
Cell Differentiation;
Alkaline Phosphatase/metabolism*;
Microscopy, Electron, Scanning
- From:
West China Journal of Stomatology
2025;43(3):336-345
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
OBJECTIVES:This study aimed to compare the osteogenic performance differences of titanium surface coatings modified by dopamine or silanized graphene oxide, and to provide a more suitable modification scheme for titanium surface graphene oxide coatings.
METHODS:Titanium was subjected to alkali-heat treatment and then modified with dopamine and silanization, respectively, followed by coating with graphene oxide. Control and experimental groups were designed as follows: pure titanium (Ti) group; titanium after alkali-heat treatment (Ti-NaOH) group; titanium after alkali-heat treatment and silanization modification (Ti-APTES) group; titanium after alkali-heat treatment and dopamine modification (Ti-DOPA) group; titanium with silanization-modified surface decorated with graphene oxide (Ti-APTES/GO) group; titanium with dopamine-modified surface decorated with graphene oxide (Ti-DOPA/GO) group. The physical and chemical properties of the material surfaces were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), contact angle goniometer, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and Raman spectrometer. The proliferation and adhesion morphology of mouse embryonic osteoblast precursor cells MC3T3-E1 on the material surfaces were observed by cell viability detection and immunofluorescence staining followed by laser confocal microscopy. The effects on the osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells were studied by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining, alizarin red staining and quantification, and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction.
RESULTS:After modification with graphene oxide coating, a thin-film-like structure was observed on the surface under SEM. The hydrophilicity of all experimental groups was improved, among which the Ti-DOPA/GO group had the best hydrophilicity. XPS and Raman spectroscopy analysis showed that the modified materials exhibited typical D and G peaks, and XPS revealed the presence of a large number of oxygen-containing functional groups on the surface. CCK8 assay showed that all groups of materials had no cytotoxicity, and the proliferation level of the Ti-APTES/GO group was higher than that of the Ti-DOPA/GO group. Under the laser confocal microscope, the cells in the Ti-DOPA/GO and Ti-APTES/GO groups spread more fully. The Ti-DOPA/GO and Ti-APTES/GO groups had the deepest ALP staining, and the Ti-APTES/GO group had the most alizarin red-stained mineralized nodules and the highest quantitative result of alizarin red staining. In the Ti-DOPA/GO and Ti-APTES/GO groups, the expression of the early osteogenic-related gene RUNX2 reached a relatively high level, while in the expression of the late osteogenic-related genes OPN and OCN, the Ti-APTES/GO group performed better than the Ti-DOPA/GO group.
CONCLUSIONS:Ti-APTES/GO significantly outperformed Ti-DOPA/GO in promoting the adhesion, proliferation, and in vitro osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells.
