Independent and Interactive Effects of Air Pollutants, Meteorological Factors, and Green Space on Tuberculosis Incidence in Shanghai.

Qi YE; Jing CHEN; Ya Ting JI; Xiao Yu LU; Jia le DENG; Nan LI; Wei WEI; Ren Jie HOU; Zhi Yuan LI; Jian Bang XIANG; Xu GAO; Xin SHEN; Chong Guang YANG

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Independent and Interactive Effects of Air Pollutants, Meteorological Factors, and Green Space on Tuberculosis Incidence in Shanghai.

Author: Qi YE ¹ ; Jing CHEN ² ; Ya Ting JI ¹ ; Xiao Yu LU ¹ ; Jia le DENG ¹ ; Nan LI ¹ ; Wei WEI ¹ ; Ren Jie HOU ¹ ; Zhi Yuan LI ¹ ; Jian Bang XIANG ¹ ; Xu GAO ³ ; Xin SHEN ² ; Chong Guang YANG ⁴
Author Information

1. School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbes and Biosafety, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518107, Guangdong, China.
2. Division of TB and HIV/AIDS Prevention, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200336, China.
3. Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
4. School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbes and Biosafety, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518107, Guangdong, China;Guangdong Provincial Highly Pathogenic Microorganism Science Data Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China.
Publication Type:Journal Article
Keywords: Air pollutant; Green space; Interaction; Meteorological factor; PM2.5; Tuberculosis
MeSH: China/epidemiology*; Humans; Air Pollutants/analysis*; Tuberculosis/epidemiology*; Incidence; Meteorological Concepts; Particulate Matter/adverse effects*; Environmental Exposure; Male; Female; Adult; Air Pollution; Middle Aged
From: Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2025;38(7):792-809
CountryChina
Language:English
Abstract: OBJECTIVE:To assess the independent and combined effects of air pollutants, meteorological factors, and greenspace exposure on new tuberculosis (TB) cases.
METHODS:TB case data from Shanghai (2013-2018) were obtained from the Shanghai Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Environmental data on air pollutants, meteorological variables, and greenspace exposure were obtained from the National Tibetan Plateau Data Center. We employed a distributed-lag nonlinear model to assess the effects of these environmental factors on TB cases.
RESULTS:Increased TB risk was linked to PM _2.5, PM ₁₀, and rainfall, whereas NO ₂, SO ₂, and air pressure were associated with a reduced risk. Specifically, the strongest cumulative effects occurred at various lags: PM _2.5 ( RR = 1.166, 95% CI: 1.026-1.325) at 0-19 weeks; PM ₁₀ ( RR = 1.167, 95% CI: 1.028-1.324) at 0-18 weeks; NO ₂ ( RR = 0.968, 95% CI: 0.938-0.999) at 0-1 weeks; SO ₂ ( RR = 0.945, 95% CI: 0.894-0.999) at 0-2 weeks; air pressure ( RR = 0.604, 95% CI: 0.447-0.816) at 0-8 weeks; and rainfall ( RR = 1.404, 95% CI: 1.076-1.833) at 0-22 weeks. Green space exposure did not significantly impact TB cases. Additionally, low temperatures amplified the effect of PM _2.5 on TB.
CONCLUSION:Exposure to PM _2.5, PM ₁₀, and rainfall increased the risk of TB, highlighting the need to address air pollutants for the prevention of TB in Shanghai.