Relationship of Ambient Humidity with Cardiovascular Diseases: A Prospective Study of 24,510 Adults in a General Population.

Congyi ZHENG; Jiamin WU; Haosu TANG; Xin WANG; Ye TIAN; Xue CAO; Yixin TIAN; Runqing GU; Yuxin SONG; Xuyan PEI; Jiayuan QIU; Zujiao NIE; Minmei HE; Gang HUANG; Zengwu WANG

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Relationship of Ambient Humidity with Cardiovascular Diseases: A Prospective Study of 24,510 Adults in a General Population.

Author: Congyi ZHENG ¹ ; Jiamin WU ² ; Haosu TANG ³ ; Xin WANG ¹ ; Ye TIAN ¹ ; Xue CAO ¹ ; Yixin TIAN ¹ ; Runqing GU ¹ ; Yuxin SONG ¹ ; Xuyan PEI ¹ ; Jiayuan QIU ⁴ ; Zujiao NIE ⁴ ; Minmei HE ⁵ ; Gang HUANG ⁶ ; Zengwu WANG ¹
Author Information

1. Division of Prevention and Community Health, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, National Clinical Research Center of Cardiovascular Disease, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 102308, China.
2. Center for Project Supervision and Management, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Beijing 100191, China.
3. Department of Geography, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
4. Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 201701, Jiangsu, China.
5. School of Management, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
6. Key Laboratory of Earth System Numerical Modeling and Application, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China.
Publication Type:Journal Article
Keywords: Cardiovascular disease; Climate change; Relative humidity; Risk factors
MeSH: Humans; Humidity/adverse effects*; Cardiovascular Diseases/etiology*; Female; Male; Middle Aged; Prospective Studies; China/epidemiology*; Adult; Aged; Risk Factors; Proportional Hazards Models; Seasons
From: Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2024;37(12):1352-1361
CountryChina
Language:English
Abstract: OBJECTIVE:This study aimed to explore the association between humidity exposure and the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), utilizing follow-up data and relative humidity (RH) metric assessments.
METHODS:We extracted the baseline data from the China Hypertension Survey (CHS) of 24,510 enrolled participants aged ≥ 35 years without a history of CVD between 2012 and 2015 and followed them up from 2018 to 2019. The National Meteorological Information Center (NMIC) of the China Meteorological Administration (CMA) provided the quality-controlled relative humidity (RH) datasets. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios ( HRs) for CVD in relation to RH.
RESULTS:During the follow-up period (2018-2019), 973 patients with CVD were identified. The HR of CVD risk was 1.17 (95% CI: 1.04-1.31) per 10% increase in summer mean RH. Compared with participants in the 3 ^rd quintile group, those in the 1 ^st and 5 ^th quintiles of RH had a higher risk of CVD. For summer mean RH, the HRs (95% CIs) for the 1 ^st and 5 ^th quintiles were 1.34 (1.04-1.71) and 1.44 (1.14-1.83), respectively. The relationship ("U" shape) between summer mean RH and the risk of CVD was nonlinear. Stratified analyses indicated that the risk of CVD was substantially influenced by the summer mean RH in female, older individuals, and those in southern China.
CONCLUSION:Unsuitable (too high or low) humidity environments affect the risk of CVD. Our study highlights those future policies for adapting to climate change should consider the humidity-CVD relationship.