Pathogenesis and treatment strategies for infectious keratitis: Exploring antibiotics, antimicrobial peptides, nanotechnology, and emerging therapies.
10.1016/j.jpha.2025.101250
- Author:
Man YU
1
;
Ling LI
2
;
Yijun LIU
2
;
Ting WANG
2
;
Huan LI
2
;
Chen SHI
2
;
Xiaoxin GUO
2
;
Weijia WU
2
;
Chengzi GAN
2
;
Mingze LI
2
;
Jiaxu HONG
3
;
Kai DONG
2
;
Bo GONG
1
Author Information
1. Department of Ophthalmology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China.
2. Human Disease Genes Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province and Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China.
3. Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China.
- Publication Type:Review
- Keywords:
Antibiotic resistance;
Antimicrobial peptides;
Emerging therapies;
Infectious keratitis;
Nanotechnology;
Therapeutic drugs
- From:
Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis
2025;15(9):101250-101250
- CountryChina
- Language:English
-
Abstract:
Infectious keratitis (IK) is a leading cause of blindness worldwide, primarily resulting from improper contact lens use, trauma, and a compromised immune response. The pathogenic microorganisms responsible for IK include bacteria, fungi, viruses, and Acanthamoeba. This review examines standard therapeutic agents for treating IK, including broad-spectrum empiric antibiotics for bacterial keratitis (BK), antifungals such as voriconazole and natamycin for fungal infections, and antiviral nucleoside analogues for viral keratitis (VK). Additionally, this review discusses therapeutic agents, such as polyhexamethylene biguanide (PHMB), for the treatment of Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK). The review also addresses emerging drugs and the challenges associated with their clinical application, including anti-biofilm agents that combat drug resistance and nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) pathway-targeted therapies to mitigate inflammation. Furthermore, methods of Photodynamic Antimicrobial Therapy (PDAT) are explored. This review underscores the importance of integrating novel and traditional therapies to tackle drug resistance and enhance drug delivery, with the goal of advancing treatment strategies for IK.
