Blades and barriers: Oral vaccines for conquering cancers and warding off infectious diseases.
10.1016/j.apsb.2025.05.038
- Author:
Kun YANG
1
;
Jinhua LIU
1
;
Yi ZHAO
2
;
Haiting XU
1
;
Menghang ZU
1
;
Baoyi LI
3
;
Xiaoxiao SHI
1
;
Rui L REIS
4
;
Subhas C KUNDU
4
;
Bo XIAO
3
Author Information
1. State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, College of Sericulture, Textile, and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
2. Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan 610041, China.
3. Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Sichuan 610054, China.
4. 3Bs Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Guimarães 4805-017, Portugal.
- Publication Type:Review
- Keywords:
Antigen delivery;
Cancer;
Gastrointestinal immune system;
Immune response;
Infectious disease;
Oral vaccine;
Prevention;
Treatment
- From:
Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B
2025;15(8):3925-3950
- CountryChina
- Language:English
-
Abstract:
Global public health faces substantial challenges from malignant tumors and infectious diseases. Vaccination provides an approach for treating and preventing these diseases. Oral vaccinations are particularly advantageous in disease treatment and prevention due to their non-invasive nature, high patient compliance, convenience, cost-effectiveness, and capacity to stimulate comprehensive and adaptive immune responses. However, the overwhelming majority of oral vaccines remain in experimental development, struggling with clinical and commercial translation due to their suboptimal efficacy. Thus, enhancing scientists' understanding of the interaction between vaccines and gastrointestinal immune system, creating antigen delivery systems suitable for the gut mucosal environment, developing more potent antigenic epitopes, and using personalized combination therapies are critical for advancing the next generation of oral vaccines. This article explores the fundamental principles and applications of current oral anti-tumor and anti-infective vaccines and discusses considerations necessary for designing future oral vaccines.
