Association of short-term air pollution with risk of major adverse cardiovascular event mortality and modification effects of lifestyle in Chinese adults.

Wendi XIAO; Xin YAO; Yinqi DING; Junpei TAO; Canqing YU; Dianjianyi SUN; Pei PEI; Ling YANG; Yiping CHEN; Huaidong DU; Dan SCHMIDT; Yaoming ZHAI; Junshi CHEN; Zhengming CHEN; Jun LV; Liqiang ZHANG; Tao HUANG; Liming LI

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Association of short-term air pollution with risk of major adverse cardiovascular event mortality and modification effects of lifestyle in Chinese adults.

Author: Wendi XIAO ¹ ; Xin YAO ² ; Yinqi DING ¹ ; Junpei TAO ² ; Canqing YU ¹ ; Dianjianyi SUN ¹ ; Pei PEI ³ ; Ling YANG ⁴ ; Yiping CHEN ⁴ ; Huaidong DU ⁴ ; Dan SCHMIDT ⁴ ; Yaoming ZHAI ⁵ ; Junshi CHEN ⁶ ; Zhengming CHEN ⁴ ; Jun LV ¹ ; Liqiang ZHANG ² ; Tao HUANG ¹ ; Liming LI ¹
Author Information

1. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University.
2. State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University.
3. Peking University Center for Public Health and Epidemic Preparedness & Response.
4. Clinical Trial Service Unit & Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford.
5. Qingdao Center for Disease Control and Prevention.
6. China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment.
Publication Type:Journal Article
Keywords: Ambient air pollution; CKB; Case-crossover; China; MACE; Mortality; Short-term
MeSH: Humans; Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology*; China/epidemiology*; Male; Female; Air Pollution/adverse effects*; Middle Aged; Air Pollutants/analysis*; Particulate Matter/analysis*; Environmental Exposure/adverse effects*; Life Style; Aged; Adult; Risk Factors; Cross-Over Studies; East Asian People
From:Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine 2025;30():38-38
CountryJapan
Language:English
Abstract: BACKGROUND:Previous evidence showed that ambient air pollution and cardiovascular mortality are related. However, there is a lack of evidence towards the modification effect of long-term lifestyle on the association between short-term ambient air pollution and death from cardiovascular events.
METHOD:A total of 14,609 death from major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) were identified among the China Kadoorie Biobank participants from 2013 to 2018. Ambient air pollution exposure including particulate matter 2.5 (PM_2.5), SO₂, NO₂, CO, and O₃ from the same period were obtained from space-time model reconstructions based on remote sensing data. Case-crossover design and conditional logistic regression was applied to estimate the effect of short-term exposure to air pollutants on MACE mortality.
RESULTS:We found MACE mortality was significantly associated with PM_2.5 (relative percent increase 2.91% per 10 µg/m³ increase, 95% CI 1.32-4.53), NO₂ (5.37% per 10 µg/m³ increase, 95% CI 1.56-9.33), SO₂ (6.82% per 10 µg/m³ increase, 95% CI 2.99-10.80), and CO (2.24% per 0.1 mg/m³ increase, 95% CI 1.02-3.48). Stratified analyses indicated that drinking was associated with elevated risk of MACE mortality with NO₂ and SO₂ exposure; physical inactivity was associated with higher risk of death from MACE when exposed to PM_2.5; and people who had balanced diet had lower risk of MACE mortality when exposed to CO and NO₂.
CONCLUSIONS:The study results showed that short-term exposure to ambient PM_2.5, NO₂, SO₂, and CO would aggravate the risk of cardiovascular mortality, yet healthy lifestyle conduct might mitigate such negative impact to some extent.