Characteristics and Risk Analysis of COVID-19 Infection in Patients with Multiple Myeloma after Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation.
10.19746/j.cnki.issn.1009-2137.2025.05.018
- Author:
Meng-Meng PAN
1
;
Shi-Wei JIN
1
;
Wan-Yan OUYANG
1
;
Yan WAN
1
;
Yi TAO
1
;
Yuan-Fang LIU
1
;
Wei-Ping ZHANG
1
;
Jian-Qing MI
1
Author Information
1. National Research Center for Translational Medicine · Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai 200025, China.
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
COVID-19;
vaccine;
multiple myeloma;
autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
- MeSH:
Humans;
Multiple Myeloma/complications*;
COVID-19/epidemiology*;
Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation;
Transplantation, Autologous;
Retrospective Studies;
Risk Assessment;
Risk Factors;
Male;
Female;
Middle Aged;
SARS-CoV-2;
Adult;
Antibodies, Monoclonal
- From:
Journal of Experimental Hematology
2025;33(5):1358-1365
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
OBJECTIVE:To retrospectively analyze the characteristics and influencing factors of COVID-19 infection in patients with multiple myeloma (MM) who underwent autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHSCT).
METHODS:The clinical data of MM patients who underwent AHSCT in Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from May 26, 2021 to December 26, 2022 were collected. The onset of COVID-19 infection, corresponding symptoms and laboratory tests were followed up in outpatient or by the means of telephone contact and online questionnaires. Related analysis was then performed.
RESULTS:This study included 96 patients, and 72 cases among them were infected with COVID-19 while 24 cases were uninfected. Logistic regression analysis showed that vaccination did not significantly reduce the risk of COVID-19 infection, but patients who received two doses of the vaccine had a lower risk of developing moderate and severe disease than those who did not receive or received one dose (OR =0.06, P =0.029). Patients who received daratumumab before had a higher risk of COVID-19 infection (OR =5.78, P =0.039), while those with a history of immunomodulatory drugs (IMiDs) had the opposite effect (OR =0.31, P =0.028). The use of both drugs did not affect the severity of COVID-19 infection.
CONCLUSION:For MM patients undergoing AHSCT as first-line chemotherapy, COVID-19 vaccination does not significantly reduce the infection rate, but it plays a role in preventing moderate and severe cases. The application of antineoplastic drugs with different mechanisms has a certain impact on the susceptibility to the COVID-19, which should be considered comprehensively when creating treatment plans.
