Varicocele and nonobstructive azoospermia.

Author: Parviz K KAVOUSSI ¹ ; Chirag GUPTA ² ; Rupin SHAH ³
Author Information

1. Department of Reproductive Urology, Austin Fertility and Reproductive Medicine/Westlake IVF, Austin, TX 78746, USA.
2. Department of Urology, Matratva Fertility and Andrology Clinic, Jaipur National University, Jaipur, Rajasthan 302017, India.
3. Department of Urology/Andrology, Lilavati Hospital and Research Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400050, India.
Publication Type:Review
Keywords: azoospermia; infertility; varicocele
MeSH: Humans; Varicocele/physiopathology*; Azoospermia/physiopathology*; Male; Pregnancy; Female; Sperm Retrieval; Semen Analysis; Pregnancy Outcome; Testis/physiopathology*
From: Asian Journal of Andrology 2025;27(3):355-360
CountryChina
Language:English
Abstract: Approximately 15% of men in the general population have varicoceles, and varicoceles are diagnosed in 40% of men presenting for fertility evaluations. One percent of men in the general population are azoospermic, and 15% of men presenting for fertility evaluations are diagnosed with azoospermia. This article aims to review the impact of varicoceles on testicular function in men with azoospermia, the impact of varicocele repair on the semen parameters of azoospermic men, and the impact of varicocele repair on sperm retrieval and pregnancy outcomes when the male partner remains azoospermic after varicocele repair.