Mechanism of extracellular vesicles in the repair of intervertebral disc degeneration.
10.7507/1001-5515.202403046
- Author:
Shengxu ZHU
1
;
Zhonghai LI
1
Author Information
1. Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, P. R. China.
- Publication Type:English Abstract
- Keywords:
Extracellular vesicles;
Intervertebral disc degeneration;
Intervertebral disc repair;
Mechanism;
Signaling pathway
- MeSH:
Extracellular Vesicles/physiology*;
Humans;
Intervertebral Disc Degeneration/therapy*;
Apoptosis;
Cell Proliferation;
Oxidative Stress;
Cell Differentiation;
Extracellular Matrix/metabolism*;
Animals;
Pyroptosis
- From:
Journal of Biomedical Engineering
2025;42(2):409-416
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Extracellular vesicles (EVs), defined as cell-secreted nanoscale vesicles that carry bioactive molecules, have emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy in tumor and tissue regeneration. Their potential in repairing intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) through multidimensional regulatory mechanisms is a rapidly advancing field of research. This paper provided an overview of the mechanisms of EVs in IDD repair, thoroughly reviewed recent literature on EVs for IDD, domestically and internationally, and summarized their therapeutic mechanisms. In IDD repair, EVs could act through different mechanisms at the molecular, cellular, and tissue levels. At the molecular level, EVs could treat IDD by inhibiting inflammatory reactions, suppressing oxidative stress, and regulating the synthesis and decomposition of extracellular matrix. At the cellular level, EVs could treat IDD by inhibiting cellular pyroptosis, ferroptosis, and apoptosis and promoting cell proliferation and differentiation. At the tissue level, EVs could treat IDD by inhibiting neovascularization. EVs have a strong potential for clinical application in the treatment of IDD and deserve more profound study.
