Tumor immunotherapy centered on tumor neoantigens:from molecular mechanisms to AI-assisted antigen identification and TCR recognition
10.3872/j.issn.1007-385x.2025.10.001
- VernacularTitle:以肿瘤新抗原为核心的肿瘤免疫疗法:从分子机制到人工智能辅助抗原鉴定和TCR识别
- Author:
Keting WU
1
;
Haichao ZHAO
Author Information
1. 复旦大学上海医学院,上海 200032;复旦大学肝癌研究所,上海 200032
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
tumor neoantigen;
antigen presentation;
T cell antigen receptor;
artificial intelligence
- From:
Chinese Journal of Cancer Biotherapy
2025;32(10):993-1009
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Tumor neoantigens are aberrant peptides unique to tumor cells,which can be recognized by the immune system and have become a research hotspot in precision tumor immunotherapy.This article provides an overview of the diverse molecular origins of tumor neoantigens,analyzes the antigen processing and presentation mechanisms of MHC class Ⅰ/Ⅱ molecules,and explores the critical role of cross-presentation in immune recognition.It also analyzes the structural and signal transduction characteristics of the T cell receptor(TCR)complex,emphasizes the importance of immunogenicity evaluation,and elaborates on the progress of high-throughput omics and artificial intelligence/deep learning in neoantigen discovery and the prediction of MHC-peptide and TCR-peptide-MHC interactions.Additionally,it introduces the application prospects and challenges of neoantigen-based therapeutic vaccines and adoptive cell therapy in solid tumors,discusses the limitations of neoantigen prediction,tumor immune escape,and ethical issues,and looks forward to the significance of technologies such as single-cell spatial transcriptomics for immunotherapy design,TCR molecular design,and the construction of a global neoantigen repository.
