Epidemiological survey of pulmonary tuberculosis in Hainan Province in 2023
- Author:
HUANG Jingjing
;
LUO Xingxiong
;
CHEN Yumei
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
Tuberculosis;
epidemiological investigation;
tuberculosis prevalence;
Hainan Province
- From:
China Tropical Medicine
2024;24(7):833-
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Objective To accurately understand the current epidemic status and influencing factors of tuberculosis in Hainan Province, and to provide a scientific basis for preventing and controlling tuberculosis. Methods In 2023, a two-stage unequal cluster random sampling method was employed to select 30 floating points in Hainan Province. Screening for tuberculosis was conducted through symptom investigation, etiological examination, and chest X-ray examination among permanent residents aged 15 years and above. The prevalence rate of active tuberculosis and etiologically positive tuberculosis was obtained and statistically analyzed after correction for the age and gender structure of the standard population. Results In the 30 districts of the province, 35 221 individuals were targeted for screening, with an actual field investigation population of 33 778 and a detection rate of 95.9%. The prevalence rates for active pulmonary tuberculosis, smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis, and etiologically positive pulmonary tuberculosis were 355/100 000, 63/100 000, and 96/100 000, respectively. Based on this estimation, there are 28 600 cases of active pulmonary tuberculosis, 5 099 cases of smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis, and 7 772 cases of etiologically positive pulmonary among the population aged 15 and above in the province. The prevalence rate for active tuberculosis exhibited a fluctuating upward trend with increasing age. Except for the age group between ages 30 to <35 years old, the prevalence rate was higher in males than females across all other age groups. Smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients were predominantly concentrated in the age range between ages <35 to <70; both male and female age groups displayed similar trends with three peaks in disease occurrence. The prevalence rates for active, smear-positive, and etiologically positive pulmonary TB among the Li ethnic population were 716/100 000, 121/100 000, and 205/100 000, respectively, which were higher than those in the Han and other ethnic minorities. In rural areas, the prevalence of active pulmonary tuberculosis was 435/100 000, 2.2 times higher than that in urban areas (197/100 000). However, the incidence rate for smear-positivity was slightly lower in rural areas compared to urban areas, while the prevalence of etiologically positive pulmonary TB remained consistent. Conclusions The tuberculosis epidemic in Hainan Province is relatively severe, with certain areas experiencing serious outbreaks. Priority attention is needed for key populations, such as the Li ethnic group. The task of tuberculosis prevention and control is arduous.
- Full text:202511051649447363213.Epidemiological survey of pulmonary tuberculosis in Hainan Province in 2023.pdf
