Osteoarthritis (OA) is a leading cause of pain and disability among older adults, often accompanied by mental health issues like depression. Understanding the impact of clinico-sociodemographic factors on OA and depression is essential for improving patient outcomes.

This study aimed to examine the association between osteoarthritis, clinico-sociodemographic factors and depression among elderly patients in a tertiary hospital setting.

A cross-sectional study was conducted on elderly patients with osteoarthritis to explore the correlation between clinico-sociodemographic factors and the severity of depression. Data were collected and analyzed using Microsoft Excel 2018, with descriptive and inferential statistics, including Chi-square tests and correlation analyses (Spearman’s Rank for WOMAC scores and Geriatric Depression Scale, Pearson’s for socio-demographic factors and comorbidities).

Despite most participants (48.15%) having normal depression scores, a significant number (37.04%) had mild depression and 14.81% had moderate depression. Knee pain was the most common affected area (56.79%), and 62.96% had one comorbidity. Albeit having no statistically significant correlations, positive weak relationships were identified between socio-demographic factors, clinical status and depression.

This study identified weak associations between osteoarthritis-related pain and depression, especially among individuals with comorbidities and higher pain levels. While socio-demographic factors may influence the severity of both osteoarthritis and depression, further research is necessary to explore these relationships more thoroughly and to consider additional contributing factors. These findings underscore the importance of integrated care approaches that address both the physical and mental health needs of elderly patients with osteoarthritis.