A Regression Model of Hip Flexion Force of the Dominant Leg Among Malaysian Adults in Standing Posture

Isa Halim1; Zulkeflee Abdullah1; Nurul Wirdah Mafazi1; Muhammad Nadzirul Izzat Mahadzir1; Mohd Shahir Kasim2; Adi Saptari3

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A Regression Model of Hip Flexion Force of the Dominant Leg Among Malaysian Adults in Standing Posture

Author: Isa Halim1 ¹ ; Zulkeflee Abdullah1 ¹ ; Nurul Wirdah Mafazi1 ¹ ; Muhammad Nadzirul Izzat Mahadzir1 ¹ ; Mohd Shahir Kasim2 ² ; Adi Saptari3 ³
Author Information

1. Department of Industrial Engineering, Fakulti Teknologi dan Kejuruteraan Industri dan Pembuatan, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Hang Tuah Jaya, 76100 Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia.
2. CADCAM Technology Research Group, Faculty of Innovative Design and Technology, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Gong Badak, 21300, Terengganu, Malaysia.
3. Department of Industrial Engineering, President University, Jl. Ki Hajar Dewantara, Kota Jababeka, Cikarang Baru, Bekasi 17550, Indonesia.
Publication Type:Journal Article
Keywords: Ergonomics; Hip flexion force; Lower limbs strength; Dominant leg; Malaysian adults
From:Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences 2025;21(No. 1):91-102
CountryMalaysia
Language:English
Abstract: Introduction: The disregard for hip flexion force when designing foot-operated equipment poses a potential threat to non-compliance with ergonomics principles, ultimately impacting occupational health. Nevertheless, there is a noticeable lack of studies focusing on the hip flexion strength of Malaysian adults in a standing position. This paper aimed to measure the maximum force of hip flexion strength and formulate a regression model for Malaysian young adults in a standing posture. Materials and methods: The experiment invited sixty Malaysian adults aged 20 to 26 years old. A digital force gauge (Mark-10, USA) was used to measure the hip flexion force. A regression model was developed to determine the influence of gender, body mass, body height, thigh length, and thigh circumference on the hip flexion force. Results: The results of this study found that the means of hip flexion force for the male and female participants were 192.8 N and 126.0 N, respectively. The regression model concluded that gender is the most significant factor influencing hip flexion force (p<0.01). The body mass, body height, thigh length, and thigh circumference positively correlate to hip flexion force. However, these correlations were not statistically significant (p>0.05). Conclusion: This study concluded that the relationship between anthropometric parameters and hip flexion force is not always straightforward and can be influenced by various factors. To gain a more comprehensive picture of hip flexion, it is essential to consider other potential factors such as muscle mass, neuromuscular control, and joint mechanics.
Full text:2025071811332055632025021215223613_MJMHS_0878.pdf