Characteristics and Misdiagnosis of Viral Encephalitis Manifested by Isolated Dizziness in 37 Cases
10.13471/j.cnki.j.sun.yat-sen.univ(med.sci).2025.0120
- VernacularTitle:37例以孤立性头昏为表现的病毒性脑炎特点和误诊分析
- Author:
Xiangxue ZHOU
1
;
Wei ZHONG
;
Shaohua XU
Author Information
1. 中山大学附属第一医院神经科//广东省重大神经疾病诊治研究重点实验室//国家临床重点专科和国家重点学科,广东 广州 510080
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
cerebrospinal fluid cytology;
vestibular function;
viral encephalitis;
giddy;
diagnostic efficiency
- From:
Journal of Sun Yat-sen University(Medical Sciences)
2025;46(1):172-178
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
[Objective]To study the clinical features of viral encephalitis with isolated dizziness,and to analyze the diagnostic efficacy of vestibular function examination and cerebrospinal fluid cytology in these patients.[Methods]Totally 37 cases of viral encephalitis with isolated dizziness and 10 healthy volunteers were included.Clinical data[dizziness handicap inventory(DHI)score,head imaging,electroencephalogram,vestibular function test,cerebrospinal fluid routine,biochemistry,cell morphology,etiology second-generation sequencing,misdiagnosis]were collected.The area under the ROC curve(AUC)of diagnostic value of each type of test was analyzed.The changes of each examination before and after treatment were compared.[Results]We found 89.19%(33/37)of the patients were misdiagnosed.Vestibular function smooth follow-up test indicated vestibular central lesion(AUC value:0.82)in 64.86%(24/37)of the patients.The number of CSF transformed lymphocytes increased in 86.49%(32/37)of the patients(AUC value:0.93),the CSF large lymphocytes increased in 97.30%(36/37)of the patients(AUC value:0.99),and the mononucleosis was activated in 94.59%(35/37)of the patients(AUC value:0.97).Furthermore,18.92%(7/37)of the patients had increased EEG slow wave(AUC value:0.60),while 13.51%(5/37)of the patients showed cortical swelling on head MR(AUC:0.60).After antiviral treatment,dizziness grade decreased(Z=-4.899,P<0.001),smooth tracking abnormalities decreased(Z=-4.583,P<0.001),the proportion of CSF transformed lymphocytes decreased(t=4.281,P<0.001),and the proportion of large lymphocytes decreased(t=6.905,P<0.001).[Conclusion]The misdiagnosis rate of viral encephalitis with isolated dizziness is high.Incorporating into diagnosis the increased large lymphocytes,transformed lymphocytes,activated monocytes in CSF cytology with smooth follow-up test may improve diagnostic efficiency.
