Severe respiratory syncytial virus infection in children
10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4912.2024.09.003
- VernacularTitle:儿童重症呼吸道合胞病毒感染
- Author:
Shuang LIU
1
;
Dong QU
Author Information
1. 首都儿科研究所附属儿童医院重症医学科，北京 100020
- Keywords:
Respiratory syncytial virus;
Bronchiolitis;
Acute respiratory distress syndrome;
Treatment
- From:
Chinese Pediatric Emergency Medicine
2024;31(9):652-657
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Respiratory syncytial virus（RSV）is the most common reason for lower respiratory tract infections in children's hospitalization.The burden of RSV disease is widely recognized.Main risk factors for severe disease，such as extreme age（<3 months），chronic cardiopulmonary conditions，and immunosuppression，typically coincide with poorer outcomes.While most RSV hospitalizations involve healthy children，a higher proportion of hospitalized infants with underlying conditions need intensive care.Lower respiratory tract disease caused by RSV may present as bronchiolitis or pneumonitis，a large intrapulmonary shunt and acute respiratory distress syndrome（ARDS）.The bronchiolitis clinical assessment scales were used to determine the severity of the children.Presently，treatment primarily consists of supportive measures.Non-invasive mechanical ventilation and high-flow oxygen therapy represented significant advancements in the management of severe RSV disease in children.Severe respiratory distress and ARDS need invasive mechanical ventilatory support and/or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation therapy.New vaccines for RSV under development and immune passive strategies involving Nirsevimab are expected to reduce the medical burden of severe RSV disease.
