Diagnosis,treatment and full-process surveillance of early rectal cancer
10.16139/j.1007-9610.2024.03.03
- VernacularTitle:早期直肠癌的诊治现状与全程监测
- Author:
Ping LAN
1
;
Yongle CHEN
;
Xiaosheng HE
Author Information
1. 中山大学附属第六医院普通外科(结直肠外科)广东省结直肠盆底疾病研究重点实验室中六生物医学创新研究院;中山大学 华南肿瘤学国家重点实验室,广东 广州 510655
- Keywords:
Early rectal cancer;
Local resection;
Radical surgery;
Full-process surveillance
- From:
Journal of Surgery Concepts & Practice
2024;29(3):197-205
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Early rectal cancer is defined as any size of rectal epithelial tumor with infiltration depth limited to the mucosa and submucosa,regardless of with or without lymph node metastasis.Local resection is one of the main treatment methods for early rectal cancer without local lymph node metastasis.The development of endoscopic mucosal resection(EMR),endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD),transanal endoscopic microsurgery(TEM),and transanal minimally invasive surgery(TAMIS)has brought more options for the treatment of early rectal cancer.About 8%-12%of early rectal cancer patients have local lymph node metastasis and therefore still require total mesorectal excision(TME).The current guidelines recommend that early rectal cancer with high-risk pathological features requires additional salvage radical surgery.Various minimally invasive and anal sphincter-preserving surgical techniques,such as natural orifice specimen extraction surgery(NOSES),transanal total mesorectal excision(TaTME),intersphincteric resection(ISR),and conformal sphincter-preserving operation(CSPO),have better achieved the goal of anal sphincter preservation and anal function preservation.The overall prognosis of early rectal cancer is good,but full-process surveillance is equally important.With the innovation of early diagnosis,early treatment and full-process surveillance,the development of endoscopic and surgical techniques will further improve the standardization of diagnosis and treatment for early rectal cancer.
