Myelin dynamics and its role in cognitive dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease
10.16098/j.issn.0529-1356.2024.04.001
- VernacularTitle:髓鞘动态变化及其在阿尔茨海默病认知功能障碍中的作用
- Author:
Jing-Fei CHEN
1
;
Lan XIAO
Author Information
1. 陆军军医大学基础医学院组织胚胎学教研室,脑发育与认知重庆市重点实验室,重庆 400038
- Keywords:
Oligodendrocyte;
Myelin dynamics;
Cognitive function
- From:
Acta Anatomica Sinica
2024;55(4):379-385
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Oligodendrocytes are myelin-forming cells of the central nervous system(CNS).The processes extending from each oligodendrocyte are capable of wrapping axon to form multiple myelin sheaths to ensure efficient and rapid conduction of action potentials along the axon.Recent studies have shown that myelin changes are quite active although most of the myelin sheaths in the adult brain are in a stable state.On the one hand,oligodendrocyte precursor cells continue to differentiate to form new myelin sheaths;On the other hand,a small portion of the formed myelin sheaths degenerate over time.Dynamic changes in myelin sheaths are thought to be a form of neural plasticity in the adult brain,which aims to regulate the function of neural circuits for adapting of new environments or acquiring new skills.In the brains with Alzheimer's disease(AD),myelin degeneration can lead to a compensatory increase in myelin regeneration,but it is still insufficient to compensate for the loss of myelin,and the promotion of new myelin formation is expected to be a new strategy to improve AD-related cognitive dysfunction.
