Epidemiological characteristics and toxicant type of acute poisoning cases in China, 2016-2022
10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20240507-00240
- VernacularTitle:2016-2022年中国急性中毒病例流行病学特征及毒物类型构成分析
- Author:
Yutao ZHANG
1
;
Shaofeng JIANG
;
Nan LANG
;
Jing ZHOU
;
Hongshun ZHANG
Author Information
1. 中国疾病预防控制中心职业卫生与中毒控制所，北京 100050
- Keywords:
Poisoning;
Acute disease;
Monitoring;
Epidemiology
- From:
Chinese Journal of Epidemiology
2024;45(10):1376-1382
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Objective:To analyze the acute poison epidemic and provide evidence for developing prevention and control strategies for acute poisoning.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on acute poisoning cases collected from 2016 to 2022 in a health emergency information platform for acute poisoning accidents. The cases were grouped according to the distribution of poisoning occurrence time, geographic distribution, demographic distribution, types of toxicants, poisoning causes, and outcomes. Data were organized and analyzed using Excel 2016 and R 4.2.3.Results:A total of 95 754 acute poisoning cases were included in this study. The primary toxicants were pesticides, drugs, and industrial/household chemicals, accounting for 30.4%, 22.4%, and 20.4% of the total cases, respectively. Acute poisoning occurred throughout the year, with the highest frequency from June to August, accounting for 31.9%. The seasonal distribution varied among different types of toxicants. Except for plant poisoning, which showed a bimodal distribution, the other poisonings showed an unimodal distribution. There was a strong seasonality in fungal poisoning, which peaked in July. There was an obvious seasonality in animal poisoning, with a peak in August. The proportion of biological poisonings in the southwest region was higher than in other regions, including plants, animals, and fungi. There were more females than males, and their education level was mainly junior high school and below (35.2%). The main occupation was farmers (34.2%), and the main causes of poisoning were accidents and suicides. The case fatality rate of all poisoning cases was 1.24%. Pesticide poisoning was the most common type, and chlorfenapyr (11.68%), Diquat (7.23%), and paraquat (7.05%) ranked as the top three toxicants.Conclusions:The occurrence of acute poisoning has an obvious seasonal trend, and the toxicant spectrum of different regions and populations is different. A comprehensive poisoning surveillance system can provide a better understanding of the occurrence of poisonings, and facilitate the formulation of more scientifically precise poisoning prevention and control strategies.
