The Role of Lactate in the Central Nervous System and Its Relationship with Related Diseases
10.13865/j.cnki.cjbmb.2021.07.1123
- Author:
Si LEI
1
;
Shao-Wen TIAN
1
;
Shi-Yi WANG
2
;
Shao-Wen TIAN
2
Author Information
1. Department of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of South China
2. Guangxi Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Basic Medical College, Guilin Medical University
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
depression;
G-protein-coupled receptor 81 (GPR81);
lactate;
signal molecule;
synaptic plasticity
- From:
Chinese Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
2022;38(4):418-423
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Lactate has always been regarded as a metabolic waste in the brain‚ and the understanding of its functions have been seriously lagging behind. In recent years‚ more and more experimental evidence has shown that lactate plays an important role in a variety of physiological and pathological processes. Among nerve cells‚ astrocytes are the main source of cells for the production and release of lactate. The cells produce lactate through aerobic glycolysis‚ which is then released to the outside of the cells via transmembrane channels and enters neurons to supply energy. In the central nervous system‚ lactate plays a significant role in homeostasis regulation. Lactate regulates the functions and activities of neurons mainly through two pathways: metabolic pathways (as energy substrates) and signal pathways (as signal molecules) ‚which is extensively manifested in the regulation of physiological processes such as neuronal energy metabolism‚ excitatory‚ plasticity‚ learning and memory‚ and nervous system development‚ as well as the pathological processes including depression‚ Alzheimer’ s disease (AD) and brain injury. There is a lactate-specific receptor (GPR81) in brain tissue‚ and lactate binds to it to regulate the intracellular second messenger. In addition‚ it was also found that lactate can modulate the excitability of neurons through unknown receptors and other functions as signal molecules. Therefore‚ this article focus on the research progress of lactate as an energy substrate and signaling molecule and its involvement in related neurological diseases‚ which may provide new ideas for the prevention and treatment of related central nervous system diseases.
