Aims: Pseudomonas putida CP1 exhibits substrate-dependent autoaggregation during the degradation of 100 ppm 2- chlorophenol, 100 ppm 3-chlorophenol and 200 ppm 4-chlorophenol. This study discussed the production of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) by the organism for the formation of aggregates. Methodology and results: Aggregation was accompanied by the production of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). The extent of EPS production and the size of the aggregates increased with increasing stress as did the aggregation index and the hydrophobicity of the cells. A biochemical analysis of the EPS showed that the main constituents were carbohydrate (40% w/v) and protein (50% w/v) together with lower levels of DNA (<10% w/v). Conclusion, significance and impact study: Given that the aggregated form of the bacterium has shown potential for use in bioaugmentation, an in-depth understanding of the phenomenon could enhance the use of this organism in biological wastewater treatment systems.
Pseudomonas putida

Biological denitrification is the most widely used technology for nitrate removal in wastewater treatment. Conventional denitrification requires long hydraulic retention time, and the nitrate removal efficiency in winter is low due to the low temperature. Therefore, it is expected to develop new approaches to enhance the denitrification process. In this paper, the effect of adding different concentrations of Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles on the denitrification catalyzed by Pseudomonas stutzeri was investigated. The maximum specific degradation rate of nitrate nitrogen improved from 18.0 h⁻¹ to 23.7 h⁻¹ when the concentration of Fe₃O₄ increased from 0 mg/L to 4 000 mg/L. Total proteins and intracellular iron content also increased along with increasing the concentration of Fe₃O₄. RT-qPCR and label-free proteomics analyses showed that the relative expression level of denitrifying genes napA, narJ, nirB, norR, nosZ of P. stutzeri increased by 55.7%, 24.9%, 24.5%, 36.5%, 120% upon addition of Fe₃O₄, and that of denitrifying reductase Nap, Nar, Nir, Nor, Nos increased by 85.0%, 147%, 16.5%, 47.1%, 95.9%, respectively. No significant difference was observed on the relative expression level of denitrifying genes and denitrifying reductases between the bacteria suspended and the bacteria adhered to Fe₃O₄. Interestingly, the relative expression level of electron transfer proteins of bacteria adhered to Fe₃O₄ was higher than that of the bacteria suspended. The results indicated that Fe₃O₄ promoted cell growth and metabolism through direct contact with bacteria, thereby improving the denitrification. These findings may provide theoretical support for the development of enhanced denitrification.
Aerobiosis ; Denitrification ; Nitrates ; Nitrogen ; Pseudomonas stutzeri/genetics*

No abstract available.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa* ; Pseudomonas* ; Pyocins*

No abstract available.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa* ; Pseudomonas*

OBJECTIVES: The study aimed to determine the frequency and clinical profile of nosocomial infections among pediatric patients with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) admitted at the Philippine General Hospital from January 2010 to December 2011.
METHODOLOGY: This is a descriptive cross sectional study involving the review of medical records of pediatric patients with ALL under the charity service of the Section of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology of Philippine General Hospital (PGH). The frequency, clinical presentation, outcome, causes of death and isolated organisms from sterile sites were determined. Fischer's Exact test was used to assess correlation between variables with Gram-negative bacterial infection and mortality.
RESULTS: There were 80 documented nosocomial infections among 45 pediatric patients with ALL. The incidence was 9.22 per 100 admissions. The majority presented initially with fever (50%) and 37 (82%) had neutropenia. Blood stream infections were present in 33 (73%) out of 45 pediatric ALL patients. Gram-negative organisms (76%), particularly Pseudomonas putida (33%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (12%) and Burkholderia pseudomallei (12%) were isolated in majority of patients. About 42.2% of the 45 patients had resolution of the infection and 26.7% resulted to death primarily caused by septic shock in 7 (58.3%) of the 12 patients identified. Presence of fever (p- value 0.011, RR 2.1094) was associated with presence of Gram-negative bacteria at 5% level of significance and with 2.109 times more risk to having a gram-negative infection. There was no significant correlation between mortality and symptoms of infection.
CONCLUSION: Nosocomial infections remain to be significant cause of morbidity and death among pediatric patients with ALL. Gram negative infections were the most common cause of sepsis in these patients. One fourth of the patients with nosocomial infections died.

Human ; Male ; Female ; Adolescent ; Child ; Child Preschool ; Infant ; Shock, Septic ; Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ; Pseudomonas Putida ; Sepsis ; Fever ; Medical Records ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-lymphoma

INTRODUCTION: Healthcare associated infections (HAIs) continue to be a major public health concern throughout the world particularly in developing countries wherein prevalence rates range from 5.7%-19.1%.

OBJECTIVES: The aims of this study were to determine the prevalence of HAIs among pediatric patients admitted at Philippine General Hospital and to describe the trends of annual prevalence of HAIs in relation to infection control programs implemented.

METHODOLOGY: A retrospective study was conducted at the 145-bed capacity wards and intensive care units of the Department of Pediatrics, Philippine General Hospital (PGH) from January 2011 to December 2014 wherein HAI records from the database of the Section of Infectious and Tropical Disease in Pediatrics (INTROP) were reviewed. The following data were collected and encoded: (1) number of patients admitted in the different areas: Pediatric wards (Ward 9 and Ward 11), PICU and NICU; (2) number of patients who developed HAIs; and (3) microbial isolates, sites and antibiotic susceptibility results. Trends of yearly prevalence of HAIs in relation to infection programs implemented were determined, and the microbial isolates and their antibiotic sensitivity patterns were described.

RESULTS: Among 30,032 pediatric patients at risk for HAIs and admitted from January 2011 to December 2014, the prevalence of HAI was 11.37%. There was a decreasing trend in the yearly HAI rates from 2011 to 2014 which coincided with implementation of infection control programs and hiring of a part-time infection control nurse in 2012. The prevalence of HAIs was highest at the PICU (15.17%- 27.81%) followed by the two Pediatric wards, ward 9 (9.03%-19.87%) and ward 11(8.75%-14.76%) and lowest at the NICU (7.52%-9.44%). Top isolates were Pseudomonas putida, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Klebsiella pneumonia. Pseudomonas organisms were still sensitive to Ceftazidime, and Klebsiella to Meropenem.

CONCLUSION: The overall HAI prevalence during the 4-year study period was 11.37% (9.14% - 13.65%) comparable to those seen in developing countries. There was a decreasing trend of prevalence annually that coincided with the implementation of various infection control programs and the hiring of a part-time infection control nurse. The microbial isolates obtained vary per area but overall the same organisms were isolated during the study periods which were susceptible to the empiric treatment given.

Human ; Male ; Female ; Cross Infection ; Ceftazidime ; Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ; Meropenem ; Anti-bacterial Agents ; Pseudomonas Putida ; Klebsiella ; Intensive Care Units, Neonatal ; Infection Control ; Thienamycins

Aims: This study aimed to isolate and evaluate the indigenous fluorescent Pseudomonas spp. with bio-control potential against Rhizoctonia solani and promoting growth in chilli seedlings. Methodology: A total of 120 fluorescent bacterial were isolated from the healthy chilli rhizosphere soil from the seven major chilli cultivation localities in Terengganu, Malaysia. Only 115 Gram negative fluorescent isolates were further invitro screened for antagonistic activities against R. solani and plant growth-promoting properties. The 50 most effective fluorescent Pseudomonads antagonist against R. solani with minimum percentage inhibition of radial growth (PIRG) of 65% were selected. Hierarchical cluster analysis was further conducted with two dendrograms derived from SPSS Statistic 20 to facilitate the comparison between these 50 isolates for antagonistic and growth-promoting properties. A total of 40 fluorescent isolates within the most potential cluster were further selected and identified using 16S rRNA sequencing. Thirty four fluorescent isolates were identified as Pseudomonas spp. and six isolates as Burkholderia spp. The top 13 ranked fluorescent Pseudomonas spp. from the scoring index were evaluated for seed germination and vigor index in chilli seedlings. There was no significant difference in germination rate between fluorescent Pseudomonas inoculated with control. However, vigor index of chilli seeds pre-inoculated with fluorescent P. putida (B5C1), P. aeruginosa (B3C56) and P. putida (B5C7) were significantly increased with 4684.9, 4657.3 and 4401.0 over control (P ≤ 0.05). Conclusion, significance and impact of study These selected fluorescent isolates: P. putida (B5C1), P. aeruginosa (B3C56) and P. putida (B5C7) have the potential to be developed as biofungicide against R. solani and as growthpromoter in chilli production system.
Pseudomonas fluorescens ; Rhizoctonia ; Seedlings

No abstract available.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa*

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Since endoscopes are reusable apparatus classified as semicritical item, thorough reprocessing to achieve high-level disinfection is of utmost importance to prevent spread of infection. To improve disinfection efficacy and safety, disinfectants and endoscope reprocessors are continuously evolving. This study aimed to compare the efficacy of the combination of polyhexamethylenebiguanide hydrochloride-alkyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride (PHMB-DBAC) and orthophthalaldehyde (OPA) used respectively in ultrasonographic cleaning incorporated automated endoscope reprocessors: COOLENDO (APEX Korea) or OER-A (Olympus Optical). METHODS: A total of 86 flexible upper endoscopes were randomly reprocessed with either COOLENDO/PHMB-DBAC or OER-A/OPA. Culture samplings were done at two sites (endoscope tip and working channel) which were later incubated on blood agar plate. Bacterial colonies were counted and identified. RESULTS: The culture-positive rate at the endoscope tip and working channel was 0% and 2.33% for COOLENDO/PHMB-DBAC and 4.65% and 0% for OER-A/OPA. Staphylococcus hominis was cultured from one endoscope reprocessed with COOLENDO/PHMB-DBAC and Pseudomonas putida was isolated from two endoscopes reprocessed with OER-A/OPA. CONCLUSIONS: The reprocessing efficacy of COOLENDO/PHMB-DBAC was non-inferior to that of OER-A/OPA (p=0.032; confidence interval, -0.042 to 0.042). During the study period, significant side effect of PHMB-DBAC was not observed.
Agar ; Disinfectants ; Disinfection ; Endoscopes ; Pseudomonas putida ; Staphylococcus hominis

Infection structures were observed at the penetration sites on the leaves of cucumber plants inoculated with Colletotrichum orbiculare using a fluorescence microscope. The cucumber plants were previously drenched with suspension of bacterial strains Pseudomonas putida or Micrococcus luteus. The plants pre-inoculated with both bacterial strains were resistant against anthracnose after inoculation with C. orbiculare. To investigate the resistance mechanism by both bacterial strains, the surface of infected leaves was observed at the different time after challenge inoculation. At 3 days after inoculation there were no differences in the germination and appressorium formation of conidia of C. orbiculare as well as in the callose formation of the plants between both bacteria pre-inoculated and non-treated. At 5 days, the germination and appressorium formation of the fungal conidia were, however, significantly decreased on the leaves of plants pre-inoculated with M. luteus at the concentration with 1.0 x 10(7) cfu/ml. Furthermore, callose formation of plants cells at the penetration sites was apparently increased. In contrast, there were no defense reactions of the plants at the concentration with 1.0 x 10(6) cfu/ml of M. luteus. Similarly, inoculation P. putida caused no plant resistance at the low concentration, whereas increase of callose formation was observed at the higher concentration. The results of this study suggest that the resistant mechanisms might be differently expressed by the concentration of pre-treatment with bacterial suspension.
Bacteria ; Colletotrichum* ; Fluorescence ; Germination ; Micrococcus luteus* ; Micrococcus* ; Plants ; Pseudomonas putida* ; Pseudomonas* ; Spores, Fungal