Anticonvulsants* ; Pharmacogenetics*

Cardiovascular System ; Pharmacogenetics

Hydrochlorothiazide ; pharmacology ; Pharmacogenetics

The excellent achievement of encoding human gene strongly impacted not only to medicine but also pharmacy. Based on knowledge of human genome, one new speciality appears in pharmacy, it is Pharmacogenomics, studies in the effects and side-effects of drugs, and finds out the new produce methods based on gene. The main technologies in Pharmacogenomics are molecular biotechnology, gene technology, molecular enzyme, especially SNPs technique. Pharmacogenomics gained many important achievements in improving of drug effects, especially drugs for treating of neuropathy and cardiovascular diseases, in studying drug resistance of bacteria, virus. Targets are 'personalized pharmacy' to produce, provide for each patient drug that appropriate to his genome in order to optimize drug effects, minimally or completely reduce side-effects
Pharmacogenetics ; Genome ; Pharmaceutical Preparations ;

No abstract available
Anesthetics, Intravenous* ; Pharmacogenetics*

Genetic and/or environmental factors lead to large inter-individual variability in the efficacy and the side effects of drugs. Pharmacogenetics is the study of genetically determined differences in drug response. It focuses on the genetic variations involved in drug metabolism, transporters and receptors, which result in the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic differences. Recently, pharmacogenetic studies on anesthetics and analgesics have been carried out actively. The pharmacogenetics of the commonly used drugs in anesthetic practice is reviewed.
Analgesics ; Anesthetics ; Genetic Variation ; Pharmacogenetics

Based on the pharmacogenomics theory, this study developed a software system for interpretation of drug gene loci and guidance on clinical safe medication with the purpose of providing clinical guidance on the safety and effectiveness of drug use through accurate and efficient detection and interpretation of drug gene loci. The system infrastructure was built on a service-oriented architecture (SOA) design and Docker container virtualization approach to achieve a rapid and automatic interpretation of genetic results and best available drugs. The front end was established on HTML5 and JavaScript to realize visualization of analysis results and user interaction. The system was tested and validated to show robust performance which is reliable in clinical use. It will show high impact on the development of pharmacogenomics and clinical practice of patients with personalized medicine.
Humans ; Pharmacogenetics ; Precision Medicine ; Software

Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is a long-standing issue, not a new concept in anesthesiology. Despite many studies over the last several decades, PONV remains a significant problem due to its complex mechanism. This review presents a summary of the mechanism underlying the pathogenesis of PONV, focusing on preventive treatment, particularly the use of new drugs. In addition, we discuss the latest meta-analysis results regarding correct clinical use of classic drugs. I also summarize the latest trends of postdischarge nausea and vomiting and the pharmacogenetics, which is attracting a great deal of attention from other medical fields in PONV-related studies. Finally, we discuss the drawbacks of existing studies on PONV and suggest a focus for future investigations.
Anesthesiology ; Nausea ; Pharmacogenetics ; Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting* ; Vomiting

Pharmacogenetics is a rapidly evolving field, and the number of pharmacogenetic tests for clinical use is steadily increasing. However, incorrect or inadequate implementation and use of pharmacogenetic testing in clinical practice may result in an increase in medical costs and adverse patient outcomes. This document contains suggested pharmacogenetic testing guidelines for clinical application, interpretation, and reporting of the results through a literature review and evidence-based expert opinions. The clinical laboratory practice guideline includes clinical pharmacogenetic testing covered by public medical insurance in Korea. Technical, ethical, and regulatory issues related to clinical pharmacogenetic testing are also addressed. This document aims to improve the utility of pharmacogenetic testing in routine clinical settings.
Expert Testimony ; Humans ; Insurance ; Korea ; Pharmacogenetics

There is increasing interest in the application of personalized therapy to healthcare to increase the effectiveness of and reduce the adverse reactions to treatment. Pharmacogenomics is a core element in personalized therapy and pharmacogenomic research is a growing field. Understanding pharmacogenomic research tools enables better design, conduct, and analysis of pharmacogenomic studies, as well as interpretation of pharmacogenomic results. This review provides a general and brief introduction to pharmacogenomics research tools, including genotyping technology, web-based genome browsers, and software for haplotype analysis.
Delivery of Health Care ; Genome ; Haplotypes ; Humans ; Pharmacogenetics*