Six compounds were isolated from aqueous extract of wine-processed Corni Fructus through silica gel, ODS column chromatography, Sephadex LH-20 gel column chromatography, reverse phase preparative HPLC and other chromatographic separation technologies. Their structures were identified with multiple spectroscopical methods including HR-ESI-MS, UV, IR, NMR and ECD and so on. Their structures were established as pinoresinoside B(1), cornusgallicacid A(2),(+)-isolariciresinol-9'-O-β-glucopyranoside(3),(-)-isolariciresinol 3α-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(4),(7R,8S)-dihydrodehydrodiconiferyl alcohol 9-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(5), and(-)-seco isolariciresinol-9'-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(6). Among them, compounds 1 and 2 were two new compounds. The biological activity evaluation results showed that compounds 2 and 6 had strong DPPH free radical scavenging ability, with EC_(50) values of(4.18±1.96) and(21.45±1.19) μmol·L~(-1), respectively. Compounds 1 and 2 had protective effects on H_2O_2-induced oxidative damage in NRK-52E cells in a dose-dependent manner, and the cell survival rate of compound 2 at 100 μmol·L~(-1) was 96.09%±1.77%.
Cornus ; Wine ; Naphthols ; Lignin

Air Pollutants, Occupational ; analysis ; Naphthols ; analysis ; Spectrophotometry ; methods ; Workplace

One new sesquiterpene was isolated from the fermentation broth of Streptomyces sp. and the structure was elucidated by spectral analysis as caryolane-1, 6beta-diol (1). An intermediate 1alpha, 6beta, 11-eudesmanetriol (2) in the biosynthesis of geosmin was also found in this strain which proved sequence for the reactions, especially bicyclization preceding dealkylation.
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Molecular Structure ; Naphthols ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Sesquiterpenes ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Streptomyces ; chemistry

To study chemical constituents contained in ethanol extracts from roots of Machilus yaoshansis. Fifteen compounds were separated from the roots of M. yaoshansis by using various chromatographic techniques. Their structures were identified on the basis of their physicochemical properties and spectral data as twelve lignans(+)-guaiacin (1), kadsuralignan C (2), (+)-isolariciresinol (3), 5'-methoxy-(+)-isolariciresinol (4), (7'S, 8R, 8'R)-lyoniresinol (5), meso-secoisolariciresinol (6), isolariciresinol-9'-O-beta-D-xylopyranoside (7), 5'-methoxy-isolariciresinol-9'-O-beta-D-xylopyranoside (8), lyoniresinol-9'-O-beta-D-xylopyranoside (9), (2R, 3R) -2, 3-dihydro-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-7-methoxy-3-methyl-5-(E)-propenylbenzofuran (10), 3, 5'-dimethoxy-4', 7-epoxy-8, 3'-neolignan-4, 9, 9'-triol (11), nectandrin B (12), and three flavanes(+)-catechin (13), (-)-epicatechin (14), and bis-8, 8'-catechinylmethane (15). All of the compounds 1-15 were separated from M. yaoshansis for the first time.
Butylene Glycols ; chemistry ; Catechin ; chemistry ; Lauraceae ; chemistry ; Lignans ; chemistry ; Lignin ; chemistry ; Naphthols ; chemistry ; Plant Roots ; chemistry

OBJECTIVES: Malondialdehyde (MDA), a lipid peroxidation by-product, has been widely used as an indicator of oxidative stress. Urinary 2-naphthol, a urinary PAH metabolite, is used as a marker of ambient particulate exposure and is associated with lung cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. However, the stability and intra-individual variation associated with urinary MDA and 2-naphthol have not been thoroughly addressed. The objective of this study was to assess the stability and intraindividual variation associated with urinary MDA and 2-naphthol. METHODS: Urine samples were collected from 10 healthy volunteers (mean age 34, range 27~42 years old). Each sample was divided into three aliquots and stored under three different conditions. The levels of urinary MDA and 2-naphthol were analyzed 1) just after sampling, 2) after storage at room temperature (21degrees C) for 16 hours, and 3) after storage in a -20degrees C freezer for 16 hours. In addition, an epidemiological study was conducted in 44 Chinese subjects over a period of 3 weeks. The urinary MDA and 2-naphthol were measured by HPLC three times. RESULTS: There was no difference in the levels of urinary MDA and 2-naphthol between the triplicate measurements (n=10, p=0.84 and p=0.83, respectively). The intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC) for urinary MDA and 2-naphthol were 0.74 and 0.42, respectively. However, the levels of PM2.5 in the air were well correlated with the levels of both MDA and 2-naphthol in the epidemiological study. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that urinary MDA and 2-naphthol remain stable under variable storage conditions, even at room temperature for 16 hours, and indicate that these markers can be used in epidemiological studies involving various sample storage conditions. The intra-CC of urinary 2-naphthol and MDA were acceptable for application to epidemiological studies.
Adult ; Biological Markers ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Malondialdehyde/*metabolism/*urine ; Middle Aged ; Naphthols/*metabolism/*urine ; Oxidative Stress/physiology ; Reproducibility of Results

OBJECTIVEBio-active constituents were expected to abstain from Homalomena occuta.

METHODSExtracts from the plant with 95% alcohol were distributed by several solvents and isolated via column chromatography on silica and Saphadex 20-LH gel.

RESULTSThirteen compounds were isolated from this plant. Among them seven natural products were identified via spectral methods as beta-stigmastol(H1) beta-D-Glucopyranoside(3)- stigmast-5-en-3-yl(H2); oplodiol(1); oplopanone(2); homalomenol(3); bullatantriol(4); 1 beta, 4 beta, 7 alpha-trihydroxyeudesmane(5).

CONCLUSIONAll these compounds were isolated from this plant for the first time.

Araceae ; chemistry ; Naphthols ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Rhizome ; chemistry ; Sitosterols ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Stigmasterol ; chemistry ; isolation & purification

OBJECTIVETo study the chemical constituents of Paederia scandense.

METHODThe constituents were isolated and purified by silica gel and Sephadex LH - 20 column chromatography. Their structures were elucidated by physicochemical properties and spectral analysis.

RESULT20 compounds were obtained and identified as rubiadin-1-methylether (1), diadzein (2), cleomiscosin B (3), cleomiscosin D (4), isolariciresinol (5), linarin (6), isoscopoletin (7), caffic acid (8), coumarinic acid (9), p-hydroxyl-benzoic acid (10), oleanolic acid (11), ursolic acid (12), beta-sitosterol (13), daucosterol (14), paederoside (15), paederosidic acid (16), paederosidic acid methyl ester (17), saprosmoside E (18), paederoscandoside (19), caffeic acid 4-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (20).

CONCLUSIONCompounds 1-10, and 20 were isolated from this plant for the first time.

Coumarins ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Isoflavones ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Lignin ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Naphthols ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Rubiaceae ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo explore the effects of smoking on urinary 10 metabolites of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the coke oven workers.

METHODSOccupational health examination was performed on 1401 coke oven workers in one coking plant, their urine were collected respectively. The concentrations of the ten monohydroxy polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in urine were detected by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. The 1401 workers were divided into four groups, namely control, adjunct workplaces, bottom and side, top group according to their workplaces and the different concentrations of PAHs in the environment. The concentrations of the ten monohydroxy polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons between smokers and nonsmokers in each workplace group were compared using analysis of covariance, respectively.

RESULTSThe levels of concentrations of the sixteen polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons we detected at control were significantly higher than those at other areas (P < 0.05). Comparing the ten monohydroxy polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons levels between smokers and nonsmokers, the levels of 1-hydroxynaphthalene and 2-hydroxynaphthalene among smokers were higher than nonsmokers with statistically significance in control, adjunct workplaces, bottom and side and top groups (P < 0.05). However, the levels of 1-hydroxypyrene had no statistically significant differences between the four areas.

CONCLUSIONUrinary 1-hydroxynaphthalene and 2-hydroxynaphthalene may be used as biomarkers for the impact of smoking on monohydroxy polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the coke oven workers.

Air Pollutants, Occupational ; urine ; Biomarkers ; urine ; Coke ; Humans ; Male ; Naphthols ; urine ; Occupational Exposure ; analysis ; Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ; urine ; Pyrenes ; urine ; Smoking ; urine

OBJECTIVETo assess the levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons monohydroxy metabolites in urine of general population in China among 8 provinces, provide the baseline of the metabolites in the general population.

METHODSFrom 2009 to 2010, 18 120 subjects of general population aged 6-60 years old were recruited from 24 areas among 8 provinces in east, west and central areas of China mainland by cluster random sampling. The information of the living environment and health condition were collected by questionnaire and spot urine samples were collected, 4 680 urine samples were analysed by high performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry, and monohydroxy metabolites distribution in urine among groups of gender and ages were analysed.

RESULTSGeometric means (GM) of 2-naphthol, 1-naphthol, 3-phenanthrol and 1-hydroxypyrene concentration in urine (95%CI) were 1.85 (1.75-1.95), 1.55 (1.50-1.61), 0.57 (0.54-0.59) and 0.82 (0.78-0.85) µg/L, respectively;and median are 2.44, <0.50, 0.72 and 0.90 µg/L, respectively. The concentration between male and female were significantly different (P < 0.01), and the concentration among the groups of population were significantly different (P < 0.01), the GM of 2-naphthol among the groups of population aged 6-12, 13-16, 17-20, 21-30, 31-45 and 46-60 years old were 1.60, 1.56, 1.69, 2.23, 1.91 and 1.86 µg/L (χ(2) = 17.90, P < 0.01), the GM of 1-naphthol in the groups were 1.30, 1.16, 1.53, 1.68, 1.80 and 1.52 µg/L (χ(2) = 76.22, P < 0.01), the GM of 3-phenanthrol in the groups were 0.78, 0.76, 0.55, 0.42, 0.50 and 0.99 µg/L (χ(2) = 66.48, P < 0.01), the GM of 1-hydroxypyrene in the groups were 0.77,0.64, 1.00, 0.84, 0.84 and 0.57 µg/L (χ(2) = 51.48, P < 0.01), respectively.

CONCLUSIONThe distribution of monohydroxy metabolites levels in urine of general population were different, it provided a basic data for the further study of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons biomonitoring in the population.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; China ; epidemiology ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Environmental Exposure ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Naphthols ; urine ; Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ; urine ; Pyrenes ; urine ; Sentinel Surveillance ; Young Adult

AIMTo study the metabolites of R, S-1-(2-methoxypheyl)-4-[3-(naphthal-yl-oxy)-2-hydroxypropyl] -piperazine, (naftopidil, NAF), a novel antihypertensive drug in rat plasma.

METHODSThe rat plasma samples were analyzed by LC/MS after oral administration of NAF. According to MS relativity of metabolites and parent compound (NAF) and metabolic rule of compound with similar structure, the structure of potential metabolites were postulated. Phase I metabolites were identified by HPLC/MS and by comparison with authentic standards, phase II conjugates were indirectly identified with beta-D-glucuronidase in presence or absence of glucuronidase selective inhibitor D-saccharric acid beta-1,4-Lactone.

RESULTSPhase I metabolites desmethyl-naftopidil (DMN), (phenyl) hydroxynaftopidil (PHN), (naphthyl) -hydroxy-naftopidil (NHN) were separated and identified in rat plasma by comparison with reference substances, phase II conjugates, NAF and NHN glucuronide conjugates were separated and tentatively identified by hydrolysis with glucuronidase, the aglycones, NAF and NHN, were identified in rat plasma.

CONCLUSIONThe major metabolic pathway of NAF in rat plasma should be the hydroxylation of the phenyl or nephthyl moiety of NAF and demethylation of NAF. Therefore, (naphthyl) hydroxyl-metabolite and NAF followed by conjugation with beta-glueuronic acid.

Animals ; Antihypertensive Agents ; blood ; metabolism ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry ; Male ; Naphthalenes ; blood ; metabolism ; Naphthols ; blood ; metabolism ; Piperazines ; blood ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley