No abstract available.
Malnutrition*

Introduction: Zinc deficiency is of high magnitude in developing countries such as the Philippines. Zinc deficiency dermatitis is recognized through characteristic cutaneous presentation supported by diagnostic workups which may not be feasible or practical in low-resource settings. Case report: A three-month-old Filipino male was brought in for erosions of three (3) weeks duration that were unrespon- sive to topical and systemic antimicrobial treatment. On examination, he had multiple erythematous erosions with yellowish to brownish, crusted borders with predilection on the face, inguinal and gluteal areas, flexures of the extremities, and digits. Workup revealed normal zinc levels, decreased alkaline phosphatase, and bacterial growth in cultures. Histopathology revealed intraepidermal vesiculobullous dermatitis. Given the clinicopathologic presentation, a diagnosis of zinc deficiency-associated dermatitis was made. Along with antimicrobials and topical care, oral zinc sulfate with elemental zinc at 3 mg/kg/day was started, with remarkable improvement within three (3) days and near-resolution after eight (8) days of zinc therapy. Zinc supplementation was administered for three (3) months with gradual tapering. The skin remained clear despite the withdrawal of zinc supplemen- tation. Response to treatment supported the impression of zinc deficiency, while sustained skin clearance upon withdrawal verified an acquired etiology. Conclusion Zinc deficiency-associated dermatitis is more common in areas where costly diagnostic modalities are not readily available. In clinically suspected zinc deficiency, response to treatment can serve as a retrospective diagnostic feature, and sus- tained clearance upon withdrawal may aid in identifying etiology. Trial of therapy may then be considered in optimizing the cost-ef- fective management of zinc deficiency-associated dermatitis.
Malnutrition

BACKGROUND: Solving a multi-faceted problem like malnutrition, with causes cutting across a number of sectors, requires a combination of efforts and programs. Many corporations have embarked on programs that can contribute to the reduction of malnutrition.

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to describe and analyze the nutrition-related Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Programs of six corporations and their contribution to reducing malnutrition.

METHODS: This study gathered data using a self-administered, pretested questionnaire and interviews with representatives from six corporations. Data were analyzed by profiling and characterizing the CSR programs according to five parameters and the programs' overall contribution to nutrition improvement.

RESULTS: Corporations in the food and beverage industry implements the most number of nutrition-related CSR programs and are mostly focused on nutrition-specific interventions. The corporations were found to implement programs that are appropriate and effective.

CONCLUSION: The CSR programs have the capacity to contribute to nutrition improvement by being able to address some of the immediate, underlying, and basic causes of malnutrition.

The progress of stunting reduction was examined through national surveys on malnutrition in children under 5 years old from 1990 to 2004. The prevalence of stunting in Vietnam has been experienced a rapid rate of progress. The prevalence of stunting in children was 53.4% in 1990. By 2004 it had dropped to 30.7%. rate of progress in reducing stunting was -1.5 percentage points per year in the period of time from 1990 to 2004. There was a change in stunting pattern. The results of surveys done before 2000 showed that the prevalence of stunting continued to increase in children above two years old. The results in a recent surveys showed that the prevalence of stunting increased rapidly in the first two years of life, and still remained the same or even did not increase any more after the first two years of life. This implies that the strategy of health and nutrition care for pregnant women, breastfeeding mothers and children under two years old should be given a priority.
Malnutrition ; Child

OBJECTIVE: To determine the reliability and validity of the modified pediatric nutrition screening tool in identifying malnutrition and risk of malnutrition among admitted pediatric patients aged 6 to 18 years old. METHOD: The Modified Pediatric Nutritional Screening Tool (PNST) was used to assess 130 admitted patients aged 6 to 18 years old. Evaluation of anthropometric measurements, body weight changes, clinical conditions and dietary intake were done within 48 hours of admission. Intraclass correlation coefficient was used to determine reliability of the tool among different raters while chi square test was used to determine correlation of the tool with the Screening Tool for the Assessment for Malnutrition in Pediatrics (STAMP). RESULT: The comparison of the modified PNST measurements by two observers showed no significant difference with p value of 0.078. All PNST criteria except clinical condition were associated with risk of malnutrition based on STAMP. The overall modified PNST criteria is significantly associated with risk of malnutrition based on STAMP. CONCLUSION The modified PNST accurately identifies malnutrition and risk of malnutrition among admitted patients aged 6-18 years old. The criteria used in the modified PNST were strongly associated with risk for malnutrition measured using previously validated tools and demonstrates a good interobserver reliability. It is recommended to be used as routine screening in the hospital set- ting for early identification of malnutrition and risk for malnutrition.
Malnutrition ; Pediatrics

Nutrition is essential for human health. Malnutrition in the hospital setting is common, and often underrecognised. Malnutrition increases morbidity, length of stay and mortality in patients, and increases postoperative complications. Patients' nutritional status should be screened upon admission and if there is evidence of a poor nutritional state, the patient should be referred for further evaluation and management. Nutritional requirements may vary in disease states and the route of feeding is dependent on the patient's disease and organ function. These issues will be addressed in this review.
Nutritional Requirements ; Malnutrition

For the past years, the health sector had many efforts to deploy the nutritional program, generally, and the program of micronutrient deficiency prevention and control. Ups to now, the clinical types of eye dry due to the vitamin A deficiency leading to the blind were mainly eliminated. The nutritional anemia in women and pregnant women was also reduced. The knowledge of health staffs and people in the micronutrient deficiency was significantly enhanced.
Malnutrition ; Micronutrients ; prevention & control

A survey on mortality was conducted in December 1997 in Quang Ninh. 60 out of 178 communes were randomly selected for the survey and 60 commune health staffs made the interviews from commune health supervised by 20 physicians from the provincial center for preventive medicine. It was found that the mortality rates of under 1 and under 5 year old children were 23 and 36 per thousand live births respectively. High mortality due to ARI and accidents was recorded. Mortality due to diarrhoea, malnutrition and vaccine preventable diseases was low. 25% of children deaths were recurred at home out
mortality ; Malnutrition ; child

There are 3 kinds of malnutrition in the community: underweight, stunting and wasting malnutrition. There were many diseases related with malnutrition such as diarrhea, pneumonia, and growth retardation of physical and psychological aspects. The children with ages of from 4 months to 2 year olds had a high risk of malnutrition. The malnutrition control involved the breast feeding, complementary diet, use of Vitamin A, rational nutrition during and after disease free, iron/folic supplement for pregnant women and iodine containing salt using
Malnutrition ; Nutrition Disorders ; child

Soluble powder of vilacid was prepared by direct drying spray and addition of inactive components and aromatic compounds. This powder contains high essential total aminoacids and packaged in the suitable dosage
Malnutrition ; Nutrition Disorders