No abstract available.
Hyperamylasemia*

No abstract available.
Hyperamylasemia* ; Sertraline*

There is growing evidence that oxygen-derived free radicals(OFR's) play a role in the pathogenesis of pancreatic diseases, especially of acute pancreatitis. Many types of experimental ex vivo and in vitro pancreatitis can be inhibited by superoxide dismutase and catalse. (continue...)
Hyperamylasemia* ; Oxygen* ; Pancreatic Diseases ; Pancreatitis ; Superoxide Dismutase

Acute pancreatitis as a complication of organophosphate intoxication has been infrequently addressed. Previous reports have suggested that acute pancreatitis may follow the oral ingestion of several organophosphates. The pathogenesis of this pancreatic damage has been studied in a few animal studies. However, the association between acute pancreatits and human organophosphate intoxication may still not be widely recognized. We experienced 6 cases described as hyperamylasemia and hyperlipasemia with a presumptive diagnosis of acute pancreatitis following organophosphate intoxication, and we analyzed them to provide human baseline data for further studies and patient management. We report these case series with an analysis and a literature review.
Animals ; Diagnosis ; Eating ; Humans ; Hyperamylasemia ; Organophosphates ; Pancreatitis*

Humans ; Hyperamylasemia ; physiopathology ; Infant, Newborn ; Neonatology

For many years ERCP has been contraindicated in acute pancreatitis. The injection of contrast medium. which may cause hyperamylasemia and occasionally an attack of acute pancreatitis even in normal indivisuals, was allowed only two to three weeks after subsidence of symptoms. Gallstone disease is one of the most common etilogical factors in pancreatitis and migration or impaction of gallstone in the ampulla of Vater causes pancreatitis. (continue...)
Ampulla of Vater ; Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde* ; Gallstones ; Hyperamylasemia ; Pancreatitis*

PURPOSE: The aim of this study is to examine whether conventional primary closure of the bile duct without routinely inserting a T-tube could be performed after all the surgeries used to treat choldocholithiasis. METHODS: From April 2002 to July 2005, we retrospectively analyzed 125 bile duct stone disease patients who underwent primary closure of the bile duct. RESULTS: Wound infection was the most frequent surgical complications, and it showed a higher trend in the patients who had a history of previous biliary operation, and it showed a trend to be slightly higher in the recurrent biliary stone cases than that in the de novo cases. However, these findings were not statistically significant. In addition, surgical complications developed in 16 of 100 patients who were older that 60 years, whereas there was only 1 of 25 patients who developed complications for the patients younger than 60 years. The development of complications has a tendency to be higher for the older patients, yet the level was not statistically significant. In regard to postsurgical hyperamylasemia, although a statistically significant difference could not be detected, this malady developed in 3 of 12 cases in whom endoscopic nasobiliary drainage (ENBD) tubes were inserted. This showed a trend to be higher than that for 13 cases of 113 patients for whom endoscopic nasobiliary drainage tubes were not inserted. Concerning the postsurgical hospitalization period, it was significantly longer in the cases who developed complications (p=0.018), and there was a tendency for a prolonged hospitalization period for the patients who were older than 60 years, for women, recurrent cases and the cases with a history of the bile duct surgery. Yet these had no statistical significance CONCLUSION: It appears that the primary closure of bile duct is a technique that could be performed safely for all choledocolithotomy patients , and this is regardless of the size of bile duct diameter, history of surgery on the bile duct system, gender, emergency operation, age, recurrent biliary stones, the presence of presurgical nasobiliary drainage tube and the presence of concomitant diseases.
Bile Ducts* ; Bile* ; Choledocholithiasis ; Drainage ; Emergencies ; Female ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Hyperamylasemia ; Length of Stay ; Retrospective Studies ; Wound Infection

BACKGROUND/AIMS: The protease inhibitors, nafamostat and gabexate, have been used to prevent pancreatitis related to endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). In vitro, nafamostat inhibits the pancreatic protease activities 10-100 times more potently than gabexate. We evaluated the efficacy of nafamostat for prophylaxis against post-ERCP pancreatitis in comparison with gabexate. METHODS: Five hundred patients (208 patients in the nafamostat-treated group and 292 in the gabexate-treated group) were analyzed retrospectively after selective exclusion. The incidences of pancreatitis and hyperamylasemia after the ERCP were compared between the nafamostat and gabexate groups. RESULTS: The incidences of acute pancreatitis and hyperamylasemia were 9.1% and 40.9%, respectively, in the nafamostat-treated group, and 8.6% and 39.4% in the gabexate-treated group. The frequencies of post-ERCP pancreatitis and hyperamylasemia did not differ significantly between the two groups, Post-ERCP pancreatitis in two group did not vary according to the different ERCP procedures. The mean serum amylase level at 6 h after ERCP was significantly lower in the nafamostat-treated group than in the gabexate-treated group (p=0.020). However, the difference in serum amylase level did not persist at 18 h and 36 h post-ERCP. CONCLUSIONS: Administration of nafamostat before ERCP was not inferior to gabexate in protecting against the development of pancreatitis.
Amylases ; Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde ; Gabexate ; Guanidines ; Humans ; Hyperamylasemia ; Incidence ; Pancreatitis ; Protease Inhibitors ; Retrospective Studies

BACKGROUND/AIMS: The advent of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreaticography (ERCP) has made it possible to identify the pancreatic ductal (PD) system. There is no established relationship between the PD system and various pancreaticobiliary diseases. The purpose of this study was to identify the morphological diversities and anatomical variations of PD and to define the relationship between PD types and pancreaticobiliary diseases. METHODS: Five hundred and eighty-two consecutive patients, in whom both PD and common bile duct (CBD) were clearly visualized by ERCP, were included. PD types were categorized according to the relationship between CBD and PD. The anatomical variations were classified into migration, fusion, and duplication anomalies. RESULTS: The PD types were classified into type A 84.4%, type B 9.6%, type C 3.4%, and type D 2.6%. The PD anomalies were noted in 51 patients, which were comprised of 19 (3.3%) fusion anomalies (12 complete pancreas divisum, 7 incomplete pancreas divisum) and 32 (5.5%) duplication anomalies (5 number variations, 27 form variations). No significant relationships between various PD morphologies and pancreaticobiliary diseases were found. Hyperamylasemia was more frequently complicated in type C (41.7%) and D (50%) than in type A and B after ERCP. CONCLUSIONS: Though a close relationship was not found between various PD types and pancreaticobiliary diseases, being familiar with the morphology and anatomical variation is worth it, for more accurate interpretation and for prediction of a complication such as pancreatitis.
Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde* ; Common Bile Duct ; Humans ; Hyperamylasemia ; Pancreas ; Pancreatic Ducts* ; Pancreatitis

We have reported that serum amylase and lipase level elevate immediately after total gastrectomy independent to whether the pancreas is manipulated or not. Although we found high levels of amylase and lipase from the draining fluid via intraabdominal drain, none of them became pancreatic fistula. To check the amylase and lipase level after distal gastrectomy and to check whether the protease inhibitor (gabexate mesilate) reduce the elevated amylase and lipase, we made a prospective study. A Jackson-Pratt drain was inserted intraperitoneally during the operation to check amylase and lipase levels postoperatively. We present the postoperative changing patterns of amylase and lipase levels in the draining fluid. Serum amylase and lipase levels were also monitored. We found elevation of amylase and lipase concentrations in the draining fluid for a few days after distal gastrectomy. However, none of the patients developed pancreatic fistula, although all of the surgical methods showed hyperamylasemia and hyperlipasemia. Postoperative treatment with protease inhibitor was not effective against the elevated amylase and lipase levels in serum or draining fluid.
Amylases ; Gabexate ; Gastrectomy* ; Humans ; Hyperamylasemia ; Lipase ; Pancreas ; Pancreatic Fistula ; Prospective Studies ; Protease Inhibitors*