Objective: To determine the stage of middle ear cholesteatoma of patients who underwent middle ear surgery at the Southern Philippines Medical Center from January to December 2019, based on European Academy of Otology and Neurotology / Japan Otological Society (EAONO/JOS) system. Methods: Design: Case Series. Setting: Tertiary Government Hospital. Participants: A total of 42 charts were included in the study. Results: Of the 42 cases evaluated, congenital cholesteatoma was seen in 4 while acquired cholesteatoma was noted in 38, (further subdivided into 34 retraction pocket cholesteatoma and 4 non-retraction pocket/traumatic cholesteatoma). A majority (57%) had Stage II cholesteatoma (mass occupying at least two sub-sites in the middle ear) at the time of surgery. Eight (19%) had stage I cholesteatoma (confined to one sub-site), five (12%) had stage III cholesteatoma evidenced by extracranial complications such as subperiosteal abscess and erosion of the semi[1]circular canals. Stage IV cholesteatoma was seen in 5 (12%) presenting with intracranial abscess. Canal wall down mastoidectomy was the most common surgical approach performed. The sinus tympani (S2 ) was the most commonly involved difficult to access site across all classifications of middle ear cholesteatoma (60%). Conclusion Our study provided an initial profile of the stages and severity of middle ear cholesteatoma in our institution based on actual surgical approaches. Such a profile can be the nidus for a database that can help us to understand disease prevalence and compare local surgical practices with those in the international community.
Cholesteatoma ; Cholesteatoma ; Ear, Middle ; Cholesteatoma, Middle Ear

No abstract available.
Cholesteatoma, Middle Ear* ; Lymphocytes*

No abstract available.
Cholesteatoma, Middle Ear* ; Ear, Middle*

As a postoperative complication, the recurrence of aural cholesteatoma is well documented. On rare occasions, a recurred cholesteatoma can penetrate the adjacent soft tissues instead of middle ear or extemal auditory canal. Recently, authors experienced a cholesteatoma in soft tissues of posteriorinferior portion of auricle, developing 8 years after an intact bridge mastoidectomy. We reviewed the reported case of cholesteatoma in soft tissues.
Cholesteatoma* ; Cholesteatoma, Middle Ear ; Ear, Middle ; Neck ; Postoperative Complications ; Recurrence

Osteomas in the middle ear are very rare. To date, there are 23 cases of osteomas of the middle ear reported in the English literature. Of these, five osteomas arose from the ossicles, but those accompanied by cholesteatoma is extremly rare. There are only two cases that are all congenital cholesteatoma. Ossicular osteoma with primary acquired cholesteatoma has not been reported previously. We present a case of osteoma of the incus accompanied by primary acquired cholesteatoma, which was diagnosed incidentally in the middle ear.
Cholesteatoma ; Ear, Middle ; Incus ; Osteoma

Objective: To present a rare case of inverted papilloma of the middle ear in a 77-year old man presenting with an external auditory canal polyp of the right ear. Methods:: Design: Case Report. Setting: Tertiary Private Hospital. Patient: One. Results: A 77-year-old man presenting with external auditory canal mass underwent tympanoplasty with canal wall down mastoidectomy. Histopathologic examination revealed inverted papilloma. Conclusion With only 30 cases reported in the literature, inverted papilloma of the middle ear is a rare disease entity that may mimic other benign conditions such as cholesteatoma. It requires further investigation to devise a rational approach to diagnosis and management. Regular post- operative monitoring is essential due to high recurrence and malignant transformation rate while post-operative radiotherapy remains controversial and requires further investigation
Papilloma, Inverted, Cholesteatoma ; Ear, Middle

Adolescent ; Cholesteatoma ; congenital ; Cholesteatoma, Middle Ear ; congenital ; Humans ; Male

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Bone resorption of adjacent structures in aural cholesteatoma is mostly responsible for serious complication of the disease. Recent researches have been aimed at preventing bone resorption with tools of non-surgical therapy. The effect of pam-idronate disodium on systemic bone resorption is mainly attributed by its function against osteoclast recruitment and activation. In this study, we investigated the effect of systemic pam-idronate disodium on localized osteoclastic bone resorption in experimental cholesteatoma. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Experimental cholesteatomas were induced in 40 mongolian gerbils. pam-idronate disodium (Aredia(R), Ciba-Geigy Limited)were injected subcutaneously once a week in 20 gerbils (treated group)and none were injected in the other 20 gerbils (untreated group). pam-idronate disodium were injected with a dose of 2 mg/kg in 10 of the treated group (low dose group) and with a dose of 4 mg/kg in the remainder (high dose group). Gerbils were sacrificed at 12 weeks (3 month group) or 17 weeks (4 month group) after the injection. Harvested temporal bones were examined by light microscope and transmission electron microscope. RESULTS: The clinical stage of cholesteatoma tended to be more advanced in the untreated group than in the treated group although it was not statistically significant. Scores of osteoclast number per total bone length in millimeter were lower in the treated group than in the untreated, although the percentage of surface occupied by osteoclasts per total bone surface were not different between the groups. CONCLUSION: These results will provide fundamental data for further studies on the prevention and treatment of osteoclastic bone resorption in aural cholesteatoma.
Bone Resorption ; Cholesteatoma* ; Cholesteatoma, Middle Ear ; Gerbillinae ; Osteoclasts ; Temporal Bone

Cholesteatoma, Middle Ear ; surgery ; Ear, Middle ; Humans

Incidence of congenital cholesteatoma of the middle ear seems to be increasing due to recent developments in diagnostic skill including the use of endoscopy. As residual or recurred cholesteatoma after incomplete removal of the disease is also on the rise as well, a necessity has been emerging for the systematic approach for diagnosis and management of the disease. In this paper, author wishes to help the novice of the ear surgery by introducing a novel staging system and treatment algorithm for the disease, which were developed through author's surgical experience of more than one hundred cases over twenty years as well as the literature review.
Cholesteatoma ; Ear ; Ear, Middle ; Endoscopy ; Incidence