Steroid cell tumors of the ovary are extremely rare, accounting for only 0.1% of all ovarian tumors. Of these, steroid cell tumors, not otherwise specified (NOS) constitute about 56% of all steroid cell tumors. Most steroid cell tumors secrete steroid hormones, and only about 10% to 15% of patients are asymptomatic. The morphology of steroid cell tumors, NOS is predominantly reported to be solid, and a review of case reports from 1979 until now revealed only 5 cases that were mainly cystic tumors. The present case, in a patient who had undergone a previous hysterectomy and surgery for a peritoneal inclusion cyst, is reported due to its rarity and its unusual presentation, together with a brief review of the literature. The tumor showed no clinical signs and symptoms typical of a steroid hormone secreting tumor and had an atypical morphology, being primarily multi-septate cystic with a minor solid portion.
Accounting ; Female ; Humans ; Hysterectomy ; Ovary

Patent foramen ovales (PFOs) are common congenital cardiac defects that have been associated with the occurrence of stroke, especially with cryptogenic stroke, or those of undefined cause, accounting for up to 40% of all ischemic strokes. A number of studies have demonstrated the association of larger PFOs with increased shunting in patients with cryptogenic strokes. Medical treatment is often considered inadequate, and percutaneous closure offers an attractive, albeit controversial, alternative in stroke patients with PFOs. Although it is plausible that percutaneous PFO closure will reduce the rate of recurrent stroke in these patients, no prospective, randomized trials examining the efficacy of closure devices in this setting have been completed. This paper reviews the known relationship between PFOs and cryptogenic strokes and discusses current therapeutic options, including percutaneous closure.
Accounting ; Foramen Ovale, Patent ; Humans ; Stroke

This study was carried out to investigate the job performance, perception of job importance, and job satisfaction in dietitians working in geriatric hospitals in Busan. A survey was conducted from April 28 to June 30, 2011, and the data were analyzed using the SPSS program. The age of over 41 group showed higher job performance in terms of sanitation and safety management than the age of under 25 group but showed lower job performance in terms of nutrition management than the age of 31~40 group. The subjects who worked for shorter than 2 years at their present jobs showed the lower job performance in terms of menu management and accounting management than the other groups, whereas those who worked in 'over 200 bed' hospitals showed the higher job performance in terms of sanitation and safety management than the others. The subjects who worked for longer than 6 years showed the higher job satisfaction in terms of communication and working environment than the others. Job performance showed a significant positive correlation with perception of job importance, whereas it showed no significant correlation with job satisfaction. More work experience correlated with a higher monthly income, and younger workers showed higher job performance. Younger age and more work experience at a present job correlated with a higher perception of job importance. More work experience at a present job, higher monthly income, and shorter work experience were correlated with higher job satisfaction. These results suggest that it would be effective to adopt training programs for appropriate nutrition service and provide continuous education programs for professional development.
Accounting ; Job Satisfaction ; Safety Management ; Sanitation

BACKGROUND: Onychomycosis is one of the most common diseases of the nails accounting for up to 50% of all nail problems. There are many literatures on the cure rate and duration for complete cure according to the various factors. However, little information is available regarding duration required for negative conversion of KOH mount. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the duration required for negative conversion of KOH mount in patients with toenail onychomycosis according to the clinical factors and treatment regimens. METHODS: Medical records of 325 patients with onychomycosis between May 2001 and February 2012 were reviewed retrospectively to obtain the following information: age, sex, presence of diabetes mellitus (DM), extent of nail involvement, therapeutic methods, and result of KOH mount at each timepoint. RESULTS: Extent of nail involvement, old age (> or =60) and DM were negatively associated with the duration required for conversion of KOH mount. Extent of nail involvement also negatively affected the rate of conversion of KOH mount at week 48. Positive KOH mount at week 28 was negatively associated with complete cure. CONCLUSIONS: Extent of nail involvement, old age, and DM can prolong the duration required for negative conversion of KOH mount. Also, positive KOH mount at week 28 had negative effect on the cure of onychomycosis.
Accounting ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Humans ; Medical Records ; Nails ; Onychomycosis ; Retrospective Studies

PURPOSE: This study was performed to investigate the clinical usefulness of teleradiology in general dental practice. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two hundred and seventy five cases were submitted for inquiry to the case presentation board of the website of The Korean Academy of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology for a 5 year periods. The diagnosis results of those cases were analyzed according to the disease classification, the correlation with the patient's chief complaint, the necessity of additional examinations or treatments, the image modalities, and the number of dentists inquiring. RESULTS: Differential diagnoses of normal anatomic structures were the most frequently submitted cases, covering 15.6% of all cases. Among 275 cases, 164 cases required no additional treatments or examinations. Panoramic radiographs were the most frequently submitted images, accounting for 248 inquiries. The 275 cases were submitted by 96 dentists. Fifty-two dentists wrote one inquiry, and 44 inquired 2 or more times. The average inquiry number of the latter group was 5.0 cases. CONCLUSION: A teleradiology system in general dental practice could be helpful in the differential diagnosis of common lesions and reduce unnecessary costs.
Accounting ; Dentists ; Diagnosis, Differential ; General Practice, Dental ; Humans ; Teleradiology

OBJECTIVES: Perceived stress scale is a self-report inventory to estimate the degree of individual perceived stress in daily life. The aim of this study was to introduce this scale and test the reliability and validity of the Korean version of PSS. METHODS: The total of 154 female hospital workers were included in this study. The survey questionnaires were conducted for demographic information. All participants were required to complete PSS, Hamilton Anxiety scale and Beck Depression Inventory. Reliability and validity studies were conducted and internal consistency was examined. RESULTS: The mean score of the PSS reported in this sample was 20.69+/-4.56. The overall Cronbach's alpha was 0.819, and the test-retest reliability coefficient was 0.66. PSS had a significant positive correlation with the HAM-A(r=0.49, p<0.01), and the BDI(r=0.55, p<0.01). Factor analysis yielded 2 factors with eigenvalues of 3.924 and 2.608, accounting for 65 percent of variance. Factor 1 represented "stress" and factor 2 represented "control of stress". CONCLUSIONS: This study indicates that the PSS is appropriate for estimating the perceived stress levels. These results support the use of PSS in large sections of the population in Korea.
Accounting ; Anxiety ; Depression ; Female ; Humans ; Korea ; Questionnaires ; Reproducibility of Results

Parathyroid carcinoma is a rare endocrine malignancy accounting for 0.5% to 4.0% of all cases of hyperparathyroidism and commonly present as hypercalcemia and parathyroid hormone (PTH) elevation. Nonfunctional parathyroid carcinoma does not show symptoms of hyperparathyroidism and only showed a vague indication of being pathologic, even when detected late. The optimal treatment is en bloc resection of the cancer, but frequent local recurrence after surgery has been reported. Adjuvant local treatment such as radiotherapy may improve the likelihood local control in cases with incompletely resected or microscopic residual tumor. The results of this study point to a case of nonfunctional parathyroid carcinoma treated by external beam radiotherapy after en-bloc resection of cancer.
Accounting ; Hypercalcemia ; Hyperparathyroidism ; Neoplasm, Residual ; Parathyroid Hormone ; Parathyroid Neoplasms ; Recurrence

Uterine rhadomyosarcoma (RMS) is a rare tumor accounting for 2~6% of the patients with uterine malignant neoplasm and it happens under 1% of the patients with genitourinary malignancies. RMS can be classified in four types; embryonal, alveolar, pleomorphic, and undifferenciated. About twenty percent of RMS occurs in the genitourinary tract, with sligtly more than half being embryonal rhadomyosarcoma. Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma (ARMS) of the uterine cervix is very rare. Emerich et al. reported the first case of ARMS of the cervix in 1996. So, little information is available regarding its prognosis and therapy. We report a case of a 56 year-old woman with ARMS of the uterine cervix with a review of the literature. She was received the operation and radiotherapy. She has since been disease-free. We herein report a case of very rare ARMS of the cervix.
Accounting ; Arm ; Cervix Uteri ; Female ; Humans ; Prognosis ; Rhabdomyosarcoma ; Rhabdomyosarcoma, Alveolar

BACKGROUND: Onychomycosis is a common fungal infection accounting for 50% of all nail disorders. Above all the clinical types of onychomycosis, distal and lateral subungual onychomycosis (DLSO) is the most common clinical type seen up to 70~90% in onychomycosis patients. Even though the cure rate and recurrence rate of DLSO are considered to be different according to the clinical type of DLSO. Clinical experience, there is a few clinical study showing the difference. OBJECTIVE: This is to investigate the therapeutic efficacy of lateral type of DLSO comparing with the other types of DLSO. METHODS: We reviewed 81 DLSO cases who visited our clinic from June 1st, 2006 to June 31st, 2010, and classified them into 2 groups; lateral type and non-lateral types including edge, distal and linear type. We treated the patients with oral antifungal agent for 4 months, and followed them up in 2 months. Scoring clinical index for onychomycosis (SCIO) was checked and photography was taken before treatment and after treatment. RESULTS: There are no significant differences in average age and male to female ratio between lateral DLSO and non-lateral DLSO. The comparison of SCIO score distribution before treatment between lateral DLSO and non-lateral DLSO showed no significant statistical difference. However, there was significant change in SCIO score distribution after the treatment. Decreased SCIO score in lateral DLSO was 6.99, while non-lateral DLSO was 11.1 (p=0.018). There was 2cases worsen cases in lateral DLSO, while there was no worsen case in non-lateral DLSO (p=0.019). CONCLUSION: Lateral DLSO is more difficult to treat than non-lateral DLSO.
Accounting ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Nails ; Onychomycosis ; Photography ; Recurrence

Intussusception occurs when a segment of the bowel invaginates into the lumen of an adjacent distal segment. Intussusception in adults is a rare disease, accounting for only 5% of all cases. Asymptomatic small bowel intussusception in adults without a lead point is usually transient. When the length of the intussusception is less than 3.5 cm, it can be managed conservatively. This case was an asymptomatic small bowel intussusception without a lead point, which was discovered incidentally during an abdominal computed tomography scan. Spontaneous reduction in the intussusception was observed without any complications while maintaining conservative treatment only.
Accounting ; Adult ; Humans ; Intestine, Small ; Intussusception ; Rare Diseases