This paper preliminary studied the movement of soil bacterial number, and the relationship with 8 kinds of ecological factors. The result indicated: soil bacterial number only appears a biggest value in one year (2. 67?10-7个 individual g-1 dry soil). Among 8 kinds of ecological factors, soil water content, temperature, hydrolyted nitrogen, quick acting postossium and active organic matter have straight relationship with siol bacteria, and have negative relationship with soil pH, electric conduct rate, effective phosphorus. The component analysis indicated that soil water content, temperature, electric conduct rate, active organic matter are principal effective factors.

Penicillin Acylase from B. megaterium was immobilized on the porous bead carriers based on methacrylate, N,N-methelene-bis-methacrymide, glycidyl methacrylate, Allyl ether copolymers (Eupergit-c) either directly or after chemical modification with 1.6-deaminohexane and L-Lysine. Directly binding with oxirane groups, the most efficient immobilization results were achieved. The immobilization yield was markedly influenced by the ratio of amount of free enzyme to the weight of the carrier. The specific activities of 89 up to 475IU/g (wet) and binding protein of 6.9 to 112 mg/g (dry) were obtained when the free enzyme added to the immobilization solution was from 323IU/g (dry) up to 6250IU/g (dry). The residual activity of immobilized PGA in a recycling system at the 20th was about 92.5% of the initial value.

Recovering process of synergier from Bacillus thuringiensis KN-11 was improved by membrance filter technique. The results showed that the synergier from ferment liquid could be fully intercepted by the nanomembrance (200 D), and reached the total recovery rate of 85.5% (0.1 ?m micromembrance, 10,000 D ultramembrance and 200 D nanomembrance). Comparing with traditional recovering technology, membrance filter recovering technology could raise content of synergier in condense liquid and powder (99.35 U/mL, 457.70 U/g ,respectively) ,get rid of most foreign substance (such as dextrose, nitrogen) and keep condense liquid and powder in good physical-chemical characteristics. The emulsion made by membrance filter recovering technology had many excellences in high activity ( 15,645-19,465 IU/?l ), low solid content and good flowing characteristics. The technical powder had high potency (100646 IU/mg).

PCR-DGGE(denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis) and clone library analysis combined with culture dependent isolation methods were used to analyze the population composition and its stability over different production batches of one commercial biofertilizer.DGGE fingerprinting showed that samples from the same production batch had 80%~100% similarity coefficient and those from different batches had 80%~88%,an indication that population composition of the biofertilizer was relative stable within the same batch and from batch to batch.Isolation followed with 16S rRNA clone library analysis showed that the microorganisms contained in the products were not in agreement with the product's label.Only Lactobacillus,one of the 6 microorganisms labeled in the products,was detected in the samples.Other bacteria detected with the two methods were Bacillus,Monascus,Brevibacillus,Psudomonas and Penicillium,which were not listed in the product's label.These results showed that molecular ecological methods may provide a new technology for quality control of biofertilizers.

49 rhizobia strains,isolated from root nodules of broadbean(Vicaia faba L.) in 11 provinces of China were studied by analysis of 138 phenotypic characteristics.All the strains collected together at the boundary of 59% similarity.At the similarity of 80% there were 6 groups which were all composed of strains isolated from the root nodules of broadbean except the cluster 4 included one reference strain.Based on the results of numerical taxonomy,25 strains as the representation of the broadbean rhizobia with 11 reference strains were selected to PCR-RFLP of 16S rDNA analysis.The strains were clustered into 4 groups at the similarity of 85% with another 1 unattached embranchment.The cluster status of 16S rDNA PCR-RFLP was in good agreement with that of numerical taxonomy on the similarity level of 80%.Overall the results demonstrated a high phenotypic and phylogenetic diversity of rhizobia strains nodulating broadbean.

A suitable medium,95% wheat bran +5% maize flour + 5% soybean powder,was chosen for mass production of Beauveria bassiana for solid-state fermentation,and the spore count of primary product was up to 244.7?10~(8) conidia per gram.The optimal conditions for solid-state fermentation in a 25m~(3) solid fermentator were as followings.Initial water content of the medium was 60%~65%.The best aeration ratio was: 0 in first 12h,1:2 in 12~48h and 1∶1 after 48h.In order to emit heat released by substantial growth of mycelium,it was necessary to control the temperature from 12h to 48?8h.As to the desiccating process,the optimal condition was with dried air at normal temperature to keep conidia viable.

"Microbiological Examination" is an important core course for medical examination technology major with a strong attribute of practicality and operability. A method of "Cooperation between school and hospital" is employed in the teaching of the course. It is based on the standards for medical professional education required by the hospitals, coupled with our teaching program. In the course of teaching, emphasis is laid on the philosophy of work-learn combination, using methods such as the analysis of individual cases to broaden students’ thinking and develop a sound scientific attitude. By way of "training-on-job learn-ing-interning", we can cultivate students’ ability of working with their own hands, as well as that for analyz-ing and solving problems. In this way, our school will be able to provide "talents with medical examination skill that can be put to practical use" for clinical application.