Breast cancer,with a high incidence rate,is one of the malignant cancers that threatens women health.Clinically,methods such as image examinations,needle aspiration cytology and pathology are used in its early diagnosis and treatment.However,the genetic heterogeneity of breast cancer has made patients in the same pathological stage respond differently to clinical treatment.So it ia important to formulate a molecular and genetictyping method which can accurately reflect the clinical types and prognoses of breast cancer.This paper reviews the research on gene chips applied to molecular and genetic typing methods of breast cancer and also discusses their applications in individualized treatment.typing method which can accurately reflect the clinical types and prognoses of breast cancer.This paper reviews the research on gene chips applied to molecular and genetic typing methods of breast cancer and also discusses their applications in individualized treatment.

For a long time, limited by the factors such as laparoscopic technology, and limited medical resources , the residents accepting standardized training are lack of mastery of the technology . Meanwhile, it is the key to the training of personnel training and reserve in the field for residents to contact the laparoscope as soon as possible and carry out scientific and effective training. Therefore, based on the traditional method, we have developed a new type of laparoscopic teaching system for the standardized training residents and increased and integrated the LAP GAME R operations training system and the real-time multimedia teaching platform. The preliminary practice effect is good.

This paper introduced the measures to construct the hierarchical medical system in Yichang city. The authors identified problems found and proposed the city to take the following countermeasures. Such steps included service capacity building at primary level, motivating primary medical workers, attracting patients to primary care, and improving policies of hierarchical medical system.

PURPOSE: Numerous studies have assessed the association of SP110 gene variants with tuberculosis (TB), but the results were inconsistent. Through a comprehensive review and meta-analysis, our study aimed to clarify the nature of genetic risks contributed by 11 polymorphisms for the development of TB. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Through searching PubMed, web of science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) databases, a total of 11 articles including 13 independent studies were selected. The pooled odd ratios (ORs) along with their corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) were estimated for allelic comparisons, additive model (homozygote comparisons; heterozygote comparisons), dominant model and recessive model. We also assessed the heterogeneity across the studies and publication bias. RESULTS: The results of combined analysis revealed a significantly increased risk of TB for single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs9061 in all five comparisons (allelic comparisons: OR=1.28, 95% CI=1.14–1.44, p<0.0001; homozygote comparisons: OR=2.84, 95% CI=1.84–4.38, p<0.00001; heterozygote comparisons: OR=1.23, 95% CI=1.05–1.43, p=0.009; dominant model: OR=1.32, 95% CI=1.14–1.53, p=0.0003; recessive model: OR=2.26, 95% CI=1.18–4.34, p=0.01). In subgroup analysis, the risk of TB associated with SNP rs9061 appeared to be increased. Moreover, increased risk of TB was also found in Asian subgroup of SNP rs11556887, while decreased risk of TB appeared in large sample size subgroup of SNP rs1135791. No significant association was observed between other SNPs and the risk of TB. CONCLUSION: Our meta-analysis suggested that the variant of SNP rs9061 might be a risk factor for TB.
Alleles ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group/genetics ; China ; Confidence Intervals ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Heterozygote ; Homozygote ; Humans ; Minor Histocompatibility Antigens/*genetics ; Nuclear Proteins/*genetics ; Odds Ratio ; *Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Risk Factors ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/*genetics

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of total hip arthroplasty ( THA) in the treatment of hip osteoarthritis ( HOA) and its effect on the quality of life of the patients. Methods Thirty?seven patients ( 42 hips) who underwent THA surgery in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from November 2011 to December 2015 were enrolled in this study. The function of hip joint, hip joint activity and the quality of life of the patients and other indicators were observed before operation,at 3 months,6 months after operation. Results The Harris scores of 37 patients before operation, at 3 months, 6 months after operation were (72.0±7.4) points,(86.1±8.3) points,(45.8±9.5)points respectively,the difference was statistically significant among the three groups ( F=71. 302,P<0. 05) . At 3 months and 6 months after operation,the score significantly improved compared to that before operation ( P<0. 05);At 3 months and 6 months after operation,the angles of the hips in 37 patients were significantly improved ( F=144. 921,41. 195, 351. 648,372. 766, 317. 518, 226. 381, P<0. 05 ) . The hip function was evaluated at 6 months after the operation,and 37 patients (42 hips) were evaluated,26 hips (61. 90％) were excellent. 12 hips (28. 57％) were good,4 hips ( 9. 52％) were fine,and 0 poor hips. At 6 months after operation,the SF?36 scale evaluation of quality of life, body pain, emotional restrictions, mental health, physical limitations, activities, social activities, vitality,general health, physical health, mental health scores were significantly improved compared with the preoperative ones ( F=19. 731, 19. 142, 11. 303, 22. 63821. 563, 20. 936, 13. 372, 14. 985, 6. 773, 13. 028, P<0. 05) . Conclusion THA treatment for patients with HOA can significantly improve the function of the hip joint and improve the quality of life of the patients.

Objective:To investigate the effect and molecular mechanism of hsa_circ_0008898 on the cell proliferation, migration, invasion and tumor formation of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).Methods:Quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) and Western blotting were used to detect the expression of hsa_circ_0008898, miR-197-5p and ras homolog gene family member A (RHOA) in OSCC tissues, adjacent tissues, OSCC cells and human normal oral keratinocytes (NOK). CAL27 and SCC-25 cells were transfected with si-hsa_circ_0008898#1 (knockdown group 1), si-hsa_circ_0008898#2 (knockdown group 2), hsa_circ_0008898 (circ overexpression group) and blank plasmid (circ blank group), respectively. Then miR-197-5p inhibitor (inhibition group) and blank plasmid (inhibition control group) were transfected into hsa_circ_0008898 knockdown cells (knockdown group 1). CAL27 and SCC-25 cells were transfected with miR-197-5p mimics (miR overexpression group) and blank plasmid (miR blank group), and then transfected hsa_circ_0008898 vector (co-transfection group 1), RHOA vector (co-transfection group 2) and blank plasmid (co-transfection control group) in cells overexpressing miR-197-5p. Cell counting kit 8 (CCK-8), colony formation, Transwell and scratch test were used to detect cell proliferation, cloning ability, cell cycle distribution, cell invasion and migration ability. Ten nude mice were equally divided into two groups, with 5 mice in each group. SCC-25 cells transfected with blank plasmid (control group) and SCC-25 cells transfected with sh-hsa_circ_0008898 (knockout group) were subcutaneously injected into the armpit. The volume and mass of the tumor were measured.Results:The expressions of hsa_circ_0008898 (2.89±0.72) and RHOA (2.62±0.21) in OSCC tissues were significantly higher than those in para-carcinoma tissues (1.00±0.48, 1.00±0.11, respectively), while the expression of miR-197-5p in OSCC tissues （0.46±0.24） was significantly lower than that in para-carcinoma tissues (1.00±0.42) ( P<0.05). Compared with NOK, the expression of hsa_circ_0008898 and RHOA in CAL27 and SCC-25 cells increased significantly, while the expression of miR-197-5p decreased ( P<0.05). Compared with circ blank group, the cell viability, colony formation, scratch healing rate and invasive cell number of CAL27 and SCC-25 cells in knockdown group 1 and group 2 were significantly decreased, while the proportion of cells in G1 phase was significantly increased ( P<0.05). Compared with inhibition control group, the cell viability, colony formation, scratch healing rate and invasive cell number of CAL27 and SCC-25 in inhibition group were significantly increased, while the proportion of cells in G1 phase was significantly decreased in inhibition group ( P<0.05). Compared with miR blank group, the cell viability, colony formation, scratch healing rate and invasive cell number of CAL27 and SCC-25 in miR overexpression group were significantly decreased, while the proportion of cells in G1 phase was significantly increased in miR overexpression group ( P<0.05). Compared with co-transfection control group, the cell viability, colony formation, migration area and invasive cell number of CAL27 and SCC-25 in co-transfection group2 were significantly increased, while the proportion of cells in G1 phase was significantly decreased in co-transfection group 2 ( P<0.05). The volume and mass of transplanted tumor in knockout group ［(660.4±67.8) mm 3and (0.60±0.06) g, respectively］ were significantly lower than those in control group ［(1 210.4±198.9) mm 3 and (1.00±0.12) g, respectively］. Conclusions:Knockdown of hsa_circ_0008898 inhibited OSCC cells proliferation, cloning, migration and invasion and induced cell cycle arrest in vitro by regulating the miR-197-5p/RHOA. Additionally, Knockdown of hsa_circ_0008898 also inhibited tumor formation of OSCC cells in vivo.

Objective To systematically investigate the aging effect of thermocycling,water storage and bacteria aggression on the stability of resin-dentin bonds.Methods Forty molars were sectioned perpendicularly to the axis of the teeth to expose the middle-coronal dentin surfaces.The dentin surfaces were then treated with Single Bond 2 and made a core build-up.According to random digits table,the bonding specimens were divided into four groups (n =10)as follows:immediate control group,aging group with thermocycling for 5 000 times,aging group with artificial saliva storage for 6 months and aging group with bacteria aggression for 14 days.The specimens in each group were then subjected to microtensile bond strengths (μTBS) testing and nanoleakage evaluation respectively.Results After aging treatments,the three aging groups showed significantly lower μTBS than the immediate control group[(44.24 ± 12.75) MPa,P ＜0.05].The immediate control group also showed the lowest value of nanoleakage.The μTBS of aging group with bacteria aggression[(25.53 ± 7.39) MPa] was significantly lower than those of the other aging groups with artificial saliva storage [(29.72 ± 6.51) MPa] and thermocycling [(31.92 ± 11.87) MPa,P ＜ 0.05].There were no differences in the nanoleakage values among the three aging groups(P ＞0.05).Conclusions All the aging treatments with artificial saliva storage,thermocycling and bacteria aggression could accelerate the degradation of bonding interfaces between an etch-and-rinse adhesive and dentin.Bacteria aggression showed the most impairing effect on the stability of resin-dentin bonds.

Purpose: Molecular residual disease (MRD) is a promising biomarker in colorectal cancer (CRC) for prognosis and guiding treatment, while the whole-exome sequencing (WES) based tumor-informed assay is standard for evaluating MRD based on circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA). In this study, we assessed the feasibility of a fixed-panel for evaluating MRD in CRC. Materials and Methods: Seventy-five patients with resectable stage I-III CRC were enrolled. Tumor tissues obtained by surgery, and preoperative and postoperative day 7 blood samples were collected. The ctDNA was evaluated using the tumor-agnostic and tumor-informed fixed assays, as well as the WES-based and panel-based personalized assays in randomly selected patients. Results: The tumor-informed fixed assay had a higher preoperative positive rate than the tumor-agnostic assay (73.3% vs. 57.3%). The preoperative ctDNA status failed to predict disease-free survival (DFS) in either of the fixed assays, while the tumor-informed fixed assay-determined postoperative ctDNA positivity was significantly associated with worse DFS (hazard ratio [HR], 20.74; 95% confidence interval [CI], 7.19 to 59.83; p < 0.001), which was an independent predictor by multivariable analysis (HR, 28.57; 95% CI, 7.10 to 114.9; p < 0.001). Sub-cohort analysis indicated the WES-based personalized assay had the highest preoperative positive rate (95.1%). The two personalized assays and the tumor-informed fixed assay demonstrated same results in postoperative landmark (HR, 26.34; 95% CI, 6.01 to 115.57; p < 0.001), outperforming the tumor-agnostic fixed panel (HR, 3.04; 95% CI, 0.94 to 9.89; p=0.052). Conclusion Our study confirmed the prognostic value of the ctDNA positivity at postoperative day 7 by the tumor-informed fixed panel. The tumor-informed fixed panel may be a cost-effective method to evaluate MRD, which warrants further studies in future.

Purpose: Molecular residual disease (MRD) is a promising biomarker in colorectal cancer (CRC) for prognosis and guiding treatment, while the whole-exome sequencing (WES) based tumor-informed assay is standard for evaluating MRD based on circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA). In this study, we assessed the feasibility of a fixed-panel for evaluating MRD in CRC. Materials and Methods: Seventy-five patients with resectable stage I-III CRC were enrolled. Tumor tissues obtained by surgery, and preoperative and postoperative day 7 blood samples were collected. The ctDNA was evaluated using the tumor-agnostic and tumor-informed fixed assays, as well as the WES-based and panel-based personalized assays in randomly selected patients. Results: The tumor-informed fixed assay had a higher preoperative positive rate than the tumor-agnostic assay (73.3% vs. 57.3%). The preoperative ctDNA status failed to predict disease-free survival (DFS) in either of the fixed assays, while the tumor-informed fixed assay-determined postoperative ctDNA positivity was significantly associated with worse DFS (hazard ratio [HR], 20.74; 95% confidence interval [CI], 7.19 to 59.83; p < 0.001), which was an independent predictor by multivariable analysis (HR, 28.57; 95% CI, 7.10 to 114.9; p < 0.001). Sub-cohort analysis indicated the WES-based personalized assay had the highest preoperative positive rate (95.1%). The two personalized assays and the tumor-informed fixed assay demonstrated same results in postoperative landmark (HR, 26.34; 95% CI, 6.01 to 115.57; p < 0.001), outperforming the tumor-agnostic fixed panel (HR, 3.04; 95% CI, 0.94 to 9.89; p=0.052). Conclusion Our study confirmed the prognostic value of the ctDNA positivity at postoperative day 7 by the tumor-informed fixed panel. The tumor-informed fixed panel may be a cost-effective method to evaluate MRD, which warrants further studies in future.

Purpose: Molecular residual disease (MRD) is a promising biomarker in colorectal cancer (CRC) for prognosis and guiding treatment, while the whole-exome sequencing (WES) based tumor-informed assay is standard for evaluating MRD based on circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA). In this study, we assessed the feasibility of a fixed-panel for evaluating MRD in CRC. Materials and Methods: Seventy-five patients with resectable stage I-III CRC were enrolled. Tumor tissues obtained by surgery, and preoperative and postoperative day 7 blood samples were collected. The ctDNA was evaluated using the tumor-agnostic and tumor-informed fixed assays, as well as the WES-based and panel-based personalized assays in randomly selected patients. Results: The tumor-informed fixed assay had a higher preoperative positive rate than the tumor-agnostic assay (73.3% vs. 57.3%). The preoperative ctDNA status failed to predict disease-free survival (DFS) in either of the fixed assays, while the tumor-informed fixed assay-determined postoperative ctDNA positivity was significantly associated with worse DFS (hazard ratio [HR], 20.74; 95% confidence interval [CI], 7.19 to 59.83; p < 0.001), which was an independent predictor by multivariable analysis (HR, 28.57; 95% CI, 7.10 to 114.9; p < 0.001). Sub-cohort analysis indicated the WES-based personalized assay had the highest preoperative positive rate (95.1%). The two personalized assays and the tumor-informed fixed assay demonstrated same results in postoperative landmark (HR, 26.34; 95% CI, 6.01 to 115.57; p < 0.001), outperforming the tumor-agnostic fixed panel (HR, 3.04; 95% CI, 0.94 to 9.89; p=0.052). Conclusion Our study confirmed the prognostic value of the ctDNA positivity at postoperative day 7 by the tumor-informed fixed panel. The tumor-informed fixed panel may be a cost-effective method to evaluate MRD, which warrants further studies in future.