Objective To explore the operation timing and technique selection of floating knee injury in children.Methods According to Letts types,36 cases were divided into 5 types.The function outcome in every group was compared by Karlstrorm criterion according operation timing or technique selection respectively.Results Thirty-six cases were followed up for an average of 25 months(19 to 84 months).The rate of excellent and good results accounted for 94.12%(16/17) in one stage operation,78.95%(15/19)in stages,60%(6/10)in 2 stages,respectively.Conclusions It may be recommended to treat children with floating knee injury with open reduction intenal fixation or external fixation.The best operation time shall be urgent treatment of both femur and tibia fracture.

Objective To investigate the safety and effectiveness of digital subtraction angiography (DSA) in the surgical treatment of intracranial arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) in children.Methods Between December 2015 and February 2017,the clinical and imaging data of 9 children with AVM (2-14 years) underwent hybrid surgery at the Department of Neurosurgery,Xuanwu Hospital,Capital Medical University were analyzed retrospectively.According to the Spetzler-Martin grade,there were 2 patients with grade Ⅰ,3 with grade Ⅱ,2 with grade Ⅲ,and 2 with grade Ⅳ.All the children were treated with microsurgery,and their AVMs were removed by real-time assistance using DSA technique during the operation.The imaging cure rate of surgical treatment and the complications of intraoperative angiography of the children were analyzed.The children were followed up clinically after procedure.According to the modified Rankin scale (mRS) score,their prognoses were evaluated.Results Intraoperative angiography revealed that the AVMs in 8 of 9 children were resected completely,and 1 had a residual lesion,then it was resected completely.Immediately after the resection of the nidi,the angiography confirmed that the nidi of 9 children were resected completely.No related complications caused by intraoperative angiography were observed.Nominal aphasia occurred in 1 child after procedure,and he recovered gradually after 6 months.Pulmonary infection occurred in 2 children,and they were cured after anti-infection treatments.Postoperative follow-up mRS scores were 0-1 in 8 children,2 in 1 child,and no rebleeding was observed.Conclusions In children undergoing AVM surgery,initial observation of DSA is safe and effective.Intraoperative angiography can guide the complete resection of the lesions in real time,improve the surgical cure rate of AVMs,and improve the prognosis of children.

Carcinoma ; genetics ; Humans ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; methods ; Male ; Pancreatic Neoplasms ; genetics ; Spectral Karyotyping ; methods

Objective To prepare a innovative VP3 gene‐loaded ultrasound microbubble decorated with TATp and SDF‐1 , having the extracellular accumulation and intracellular permeation function ,and characterize their property .Methods VP3 gene‐loaded ultrasound microbubbles were prepared with the method of W/O/W double emulsion .SDF‐1 and TATp were covalently con‐gjugated to the surface of poly‐lactic/acid‐glycolic acid(PLGA) microbubble though thioether bonds to prepare gene‐loaded targeted ultrasound mirobubbles .Their particle size ,distribution and surface potential were determined by Malvern measuring instrument . The conjugation status of TATp and SDF‐1 were evaluated by flow cytometry and confocal microscopy .Their DNA protection were identified by digestion reaction test .The vitro targeting capacity was preliminarily assessed by light microscopy and flow cytometry , and the vitro ultrasound imaging was investigated under high frequency imaging condition .Results The gene‐loaded targeted ultra‐sound mirobubbles showed regularly sphericity .The diameter was (536 .00 ± 16 .55)nm ,and showed a narrow distribution .The zeta potential was(-0 .08 ± 0 .08)mV .The average gene loading was 0 .62% ,with the average rate of 36 .13% gene encapsulation effi‐ciency .The DNA protective effect sustained 60 min without damage .Connection rate of TATp and SDF‐1 coupled with PLGA mi‐crobubbles surface was 69 .84% .The vitro targeting study showed that more targeted microbubbles stably clustered together in the tongue SCC‐15 cell membranes with the connection rate of 91 .44% ,while non‐targeted microbubbles combination rate was 12 .96% .Moreover ,the vitro ultrasound imaging was tiny dot ,even high echo .Conclusion TATp‐SDF‐1‐VP3‐PEG‐PLGA micro‐bubbles were prepared successfully ,which can efficiently target to tongue SCC‐15 cells ,and pass through the cell membranes at a short time in company with outstanding ultrasound imagings in vitro .

There exist some problems such as faultiness in system,illogicality in constructing of team,the simple ways and means in teaching inspection.Therefore,the universities in our country must take such measures as system healthiness,team construction,and mechanism function improvement.

Adult ; Aged ; Bone Screws ; Calcaneus ; injuries ; surgery ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; Fractures, Bone ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged

Objective To investigate the safty and accuracy ot estimating the living donor's graft volume with IQQA liver imaging evaluation system.Methods Between June 2007 and July 2010,123living liver donors were enrolled to undergo 16-slice CT scanning,then graft volume was estimated by both IQQA and manu-traced multi-slice spiral computed tomography (MSCT) approach.The graft volume and time consuming between IQQA and manu-traced MSCT were compared. Pearson Correlation test was uesd to verify the correlation between the estimated graft volume estimated each method and actual graft weight detected in operation.Linear correlation analysis was done.Results The mean graft volume by IQQA and manu-traced MSCT was (856.76 ± 162.18) and (870.64 ±172.54) cm3 respectively preoperation.Paired t-test showed there was no statistically significant difference between IQQA and MSCT methods (P＞0.05).It took mean ( 16.9 ± 1.4) min to calculatethe graft volume by IQQA and (39.3 ± 2.1 ) min by manu-traced MSCT,respectively (P＜0.05).The real graft volume was (632.59 ± 13 1.73) cm3.Pearson correlation test showed the graft volume calculated by either IQQA or MSCT method had a significantly positive correlation with the real graft weight (MSCT r =0.921,IQQA r =0.896,P＜0.01 ).Graft weight could be expressed in the equation:Actual graft weight =- 150.303 + 1.025 × IQQA value or =- 94.397 + 0.955 × MSCT value.Conclusion IQQA system has same accuracy with MSCT method in predicting the graft volume but consuming less time.IQQA system promotes the recognition of clinician on liver three dimensional anatomic structure.

Background Precise evaluation of the live donor's liver is the most important factor for the donor's safety and the recipient's prognosis in living donor liver transplantation (LDLT).Our study assessed the clinical value of computer-assisted three-dimensional quantitative assessment and a surgical planning tool for donor evaluation in LDLT.Methods Computer-assisted three-dimensional (3D) quantitative assessment was used to prospectively provide quantitative assessment of the graft volume for 123 consecutive donors of LDLT and its accuracy and efficiency were compared with that of the standard manual-traced method.A case of reduced monosegmental LDLT was also assessed and a surgical planning tool displayed the precise surgical plan to avoid large-for-size syndrome.Results There was no statistically significant difference between the detected graft volumes with computer-assisted 3D quantitative assessment and manual-traced approaches ((856.76±162.18) cm3 vs.(870.64±172.54) cm3,P=0.796).Estimated volumes by either method had good correlation with the actual graft weight (r-manual-traced method:0.921,r-3D quantitative assessment method:0.896,both P ＜0.001).However,the computer-assisted 3D quantitative assessment approach was significantly more efficient taking half the time of the manual-traced method ((16.91±1.375) minutes vs.(39.27±2.102) minutes,P ＜0.01) to estimate graft volume.We performed the reduced monosegmental LDLT,a pediatric case,with the surgical planning tool (188 g graft in the operation,which was estimated at 208 cm3 pre-operation).The recipient recovered without large-for-size syndrome.Conclusions Computer-assisted 3D quantitative assessment provided precise evaluation of the graft volume.It also assisted surgeons with a better understanding of the hepatic 3D anatomy and was useful for the individual surgical planning tool.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the biological characteristics of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) from the umbilical cord blood (UCB), and to evaluate their oncogenicity after long-term culture in vitro. METHODS: The mononuclear cells (MNCs) were isolated from the UCB and cultured in MCDB131 medium supplemented with 20% FBS, VEGF and other growth factors. Morphology of the EPCs was observed, and the growth curve of the EPCs was investigated. Surface antigens of the EPCs were analyzed by the flow-cytometer. The capability of intaking the acetylated low-density lipoprotein (acLDL) of the EPCs was detected using fluoresencent chemical method. The vasoformative capability and genetic stability of EPCs were cultured in matrigel, and examined by karyotype analysis. The oncogenicity of EPCs was verified by the tumorigenesis test in athymic mouse and soft agar. RESULTS: EPCs were successfully derived from the UCB, and could be passaged to at least 42(nd) generation and had strong abilities of proliferation, acLDL intake and vasoformation, but there was not oncogenicity. They expressed endothelial cell-surface antigens and maintained normal karyotype. CONCLUSION The EPCs with proliferative potential can be isolated from the UCB. They can be passaged in long-term cultures without oncogenicity, and can maintain normal karyotype. The EPCs can be served as a new type of cells in cell and gene therapy.
Animals ; Antigens, Surface ; analysis ; Cell Line ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Endothelial Cells ; cytology ; metabolism ; Fetal Blood ; cytology ; Flow Cytometry ; HeLa Cells ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; pharmacology ; Karyotyping ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; Neoplasms, Experimental ; pathology ; Stem Cells ; cytology ; metabolism ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; pharmacology

VPAC2 is a co-receptor of pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP) and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and mediates multiple bio-functions. In order to construct the CHO line expressing VPAC2 stably, pcDNA-VPAC2 was used to transfect CHO cells. The positive clones were selected by G418 and the clone VPAC2-CHO with high sensitivity to PACAP38 was picked out by its ability to promoting the concentration of cAMP. RT-PCR, Western blot and Immunofluorescenece assay were used to identify the express of VPACS. Binding competition with VPAC2 agonist and the bioactivity of mediating the ligand to promote the concentration of cAMP showed that VPAC2 was expressed effectively in VPAC2-CHO. The results of Scatchard analysis revealed that VAPC2-CHO expressed a receptor density of (1.1 +/- 0.2) pmol/mg protein, respectively, with Kd values of (0.55 +/- 0.10) nmol/L for PACAP38 used as a tracer. The construction of CHO cells expressing VPAC2 specially and functionally lays a foundation not only for the further research on the characters and functions of VPAC2 but also for the screening and characterization of novel agonists of antagonists for VPAC2.
Animals ; Binding, Competitive ; CHO Cells ; Cell Membrane ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Cricetinae ; Cricetulus ; Cyclic AMP ; metabolism ; Gene Expression ; Genetic Vectors ; genetics ; Iodine Radioisotopes ; chemistry ; Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide ; chemistry ; metabolism ; pharmacology ; Receptors, Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide, Type II ; agonists ; antagonists & inhibitors ; genetics ; metabolism ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Transfection