Objective Toexplore the effect of ablation of left superior pulmonary vein fat pad (LSPV-FP) on atrial fibrillation(AF). Methods Twelve healthy adult mongrel dogs were anesthetized and ventilated; both cervical vagosympathetic trunks were exposed for stimulation. Thoracotomies at the 4th intercostal space of left and right chest were performed to expose the LSPV-FP. The effective refractory period(ERP)/ERP-dispersion (dERP) of atrium and LSPV, AF inducibility, and the ventricular rate of AF were measured in the following statuses: baseline, vagosympathetic trunk stimulation(VTS), LSPV-FP ablation, and VTS post LSPV-FP ablation. Results At baseline status, stimulation of the left or right vagosympathetic trunks significantly shortened the ERP of atrial ([84. 44±29.50] ms vs [129. 7± 15. 83] ms, [85. 42±26. 11] ms vs [129. 7± 15. 83] ms, P<0. 05), increased the dERP of atrial ([71. 67 ± 14. 03] ms vs [34. 17 ± 18. 32] ms, [57. 5 ± 24. 17] ms vs [34. 17 ± 18.32] ms, P<0. 05), the difference of ERP between proximal and distal of LSPV(P<0. 05), AF inducibility ([5. 33± 231] times vs [0. 75±0. 96] times, [4. 67± 1. 155] times vs [0. 75±0. 96] times, P<0. 05), and deceased the ventricular rate of AF([143. 6±22. 42] beats/min vs [226. 3±28. 50] beats/min, [146. 4±30. 72] times/min vs [226. 3±28. 50] times/ min, P<0. 05). LSPV-FP ablation significantly attenuated all the above electrophysiological changes induced by left VTS(P< 0. 05), but showed no effects on those induced by right VTS. Conclusion Left vagosympathetic trunk plays an important role in the development and maintenance of AF partially through LSPV-FP.

Objective To explore the effect of ablation of left superior pulmonary vein fat pad(LSPV-FP) on atrial fibrillation(AF). Methods Twelve healthy adult mongrel dogs were anesthetized and ventilated; both cervical vagosympathetic trunks were exposed for stimulation. Thoracotomies at the 4th intercostal space of left and right chest were performed to expose the LSPV-FP. The effective refractory period(ERP)/ERP-dispersion (dERP) of atrium and LSPV, AF inducibility, and the ventricular rate of AF were measured in the following statuses: baseline, vagosympathetic trunk stimulation(VTS), LSPV-FP ablation, and VTS post LSPV-FP ablation. Results At baseline status, stimulation of the left or right vagosympathetic trunks significantly shortened the ERP of atrial ([84.44±29.50] ms vs [129.7±15.83] ms, [85.42±26.11] ms vs [129.7±15.83] ms, P<0.05), increased the dERP of atrial ([71.67±14.03] ms vs [34.17±18.32] ms, [57.5±24.17] ms vs [34.17± 18.32] ms, P<0.05), the difference of ERP between proximal and distal of LSPV(P<0.05), AF inducibility ([5.33± 1.231] times vs [0.75±0.96] times, [4.67±1.155] times vs [0.75±0.96] times, P<0.05), and deceased the ventricular rate of AF([143.6±22.42] beats/min vs [226.3±28.50] beats/min, [146.4±30.72] times/min vs [226.3±28.50] times/ min, P<0.05). LSPV-FP ablation significantly attenuated all the above electrophysiological changes induced by left VTS(P< 0.05), but showed no effects on those induced by right VTS. Conclusion Left vagosympathetic trunk plays an important role in the development and maintenance of AF partially through LSPV-FP.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Drug Residues ; analysis ; Electrochemistry ; Ethidium ; analysis ; Luminescent Measurements ; methods ; Sensitivity and Specificity

ObjectiveTo study the protection of Chinese herbs on the ischemic brain of rats. Methods 75 Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups, Group 1 for false operation. For the other four groups, the common carotid artery was exposed then was ligatured and cut off, Group 2 for model. From the 20th hour after operation on,Group 3, 4, 5 were fed with complex prescription of Chinese medicine named Prescription 1, 2 and 3 once a day respectively. 3 hours after taking medicine, Groups 2-5 were put in the hypoxia environment for 1 hours, then taking the medicine for 7 days. On the 7th day after operation,the blood was taken from R. atria then the rats were killed and the whole right brains were cut off. Malonaldehyde (MDA), notric oxide synthetase (NOS) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the brain tissue and serum, and calcium in the brain were measured respectively. ResultsThe three prescriptions can decrease the quantity of MDA both in brain tissue and serum and the calcium in brain tissue(P<0.05-0.001).Prescription 1 can enhance the activity of SOD in brain tissue while the others can decrease the activity of NOS. The hippocampus cells show tidy, and the number of the necrotic cells decrease greatly among them, Groups 4 and 5 are better than Group 3.Conclusions Prescriptions 1-3 can protect the brain tissue of the rat form ischemic brain injury.

Objective To investigate the cytokine spectrum of cultured human amniotic-derived mesenchymal stem cells (A-MSC) for understanding its basis of molecular biology in hematopoietic in vitro.Methods Their hematopoietic cytokines expression was analyzed using RT-PCR in the mRNA level. Results It showed that in vitro subcultured human amniotic-derived mesenchymal stem cells were capable to express many important hematopoietic cytokines such as LIF, SCF, M-CSF, G-CSF, GM-CSF, IL-3, IL-6, IL-11 and so on. Conclusion Production of abundant of hematopoietic cytokines by human amniotic-derived mesenchymal stem cells may be effective for hematopoietic support and HSC transplantation.

Objective To observe the effects of asthmatic children treated by inhaled salmeterol xinafoate and fluticasone propi-onate powder. Methods One hundred and fourty cases of moderate and severe asthmatic children were treated in non- acute period aged from 4 to 14 years by inhaling salmeterol xinafoate and fluticasone propionate powder, compared with control group treated by flu-ticasone propionate in 106 cases, and the pulmonary function was monitored simultaneously. Results The total effective rate of the treatment group and control group were 99. 3 % , 99. 1 % , respectively.The pulmonary function indexes such as the first one second expiration volume(FEV1), flow velocity of 50 % expiration vital capacity(FEF50%), peak expiration velocity(PEF1) after being treated 4 months was improved significantly compared with those before treatment.The difference between them was statistically significant (P

Objective To explore the relationships between erythropoietin( EPO), endothelin - 1 (ET - 1) and perinatal anoxia. Method ELISA was used to test cord blood EPO and ET-1 in 54 high risk neonates as subjects and 14 healthy neonates as controls.Results The cord blood EPO levels in amniotic fluids turbid Ⅲ degree group and group eclampsia/pre - eclampsia were higher than those in control group (t= 4.0842,3 680 allP

Objective To evaluate the effect of surgical trauma on the cognitive function and expression of hepcidin and ferroportin 1 (FP1) in hippocampus in aged rats.Methods One hundred male Sprague-Dawley rats,aged 18 months,weighing 400-500 g,were randomly divided into 2 groups with 50 rats in each group:control group (group C) and surgical trauma group (group ST).The rats were anesthetized with chloral hydrate,but underwent no operation in group C.The rats Were anesthetized with chloral hydrate and underwent 30 min of modified exploratory laparotomy in group ST.Ten rats were chosen from each group at 24 h after operation and the cognitive function was assessed using Morris water-maze test for 6 consecutive days.Ten rats were sacrificed on 1st,3rd,5th and 7th days after beginning of Morris water-maze test and brains were removed for determination of hepcidin and FP1 expression in hippocampus by PCR and Western blot.Results Compared with group C,the escape latency was significantly prolonged,the time of staying at the original platform quadrant and frequency of crossing the original platform were decreased on 3rd,4th and 5th days after beginning of Morris water-maze test,and the expression of hepcidin was up-regulated and the expression of FP1 was down-regulated at each time point in group ST (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Surgical trauma can decrease the cognitive function in aged rats and the mechanism may be related to up-regulation of hepcidin expression and down-regulation of FP1 expression in hippocampus.

Objective To compare two methods 3D flash and diffusion-weighted images(DWI)in reconstructing the brain surface anatomy,and to evaluate their displaying ability,advantages,limitations and clinical application.Methods Thrity normal cases were prospectively examined with 3 D flash sequence and echo-planar DWI.Three-dimensional images were acquired with volume-rendering on workstation.Brain surface structures were evaluated and scored by a group of doctors.Results Main structures of brain surface were clearly displayed on three-dimensional images based on 3D flash sequence.Average scores were all above 2.50.For images based on DWI,precentral gyrus,postcentral gyrus,superior parietal lobule, superior frontal gyrus,precentral sulcus,central sulcus,postcentral sulcus,intraparietal sulcus and superior frontal sulcus were best shown with average scores between 2.60-2.75,However,supramarginal gyrus, angular gyurs,middle frontal gyrus,inferior frontal gyrus,superior temporal gyrus,lateral sulcus,inferior frontal sulcus could not be well shown,with average scores between 1.67-2.48.Middle temporal gyrus, inferior temporal gyrus,superior temporal sulcus and inferior temporal sulcus can only get scores from 0.88 to 1.27.Scores of images based on 3D flash were much higher than that based on DWI with distinct differentiations,P values were all below 0.01.Conclusion Three-dimensional images based on 3D flash can really display brain surface structures.It is very useful for anatomic researches.Three-dimensional reconstruction of brain surface based on DWI is a worthy technique to display brain surface anatomy, especially for frontal and parietal structures.

Objective To explore a feasible and effective method of purse-string suture and traction in proce- dures for prolapse and hemorrhoids(PPH)with circular stapler.Methods Width of resected mucosal band and ex- tent of residual hemorrhoid mucosal lifting were compared between two groups of patients with hemorrhoids receiv- ing PPH with“two-point retraction”method(group one,110 cases)and other retraction methods(group two,40 cas- es).Results For group one of 110 cases with“two-point retraetion”,resected mucosal band of all cases were intact and and average width ranged from 3.5 to 5cm.There was a completely residual hemorrhoid mucosal lifting(com- plete return of prolapsed hemorrhoid into the anal canal)in 100 cases of group one(91%).But in group two with other retraction methods,average width of resected mucosal bands ranged from 0.2 to 3.5cm and there was an in- complete band in 10 cases(25%).The rate of mucosal lifting in this group was only 62.5%(19/40).Conclusion Two-point retraction is a feasible,effective and simple method in PPH,resulting in an intact resected mucosal band and sufficient hemorrhoid mucosal lifting.So the two-point retraction PPH is worth to be extended for application.