Thoracic vascular ultrasound was used to evaluate left internal mammary artery to left anterior descending artery (LAD) bypass (LIMA) blood flow pattern in CABG patients. A transthoracic vascular transducer (5～10 MHz) was placed in the second rib space left to the sternum. Doppler spectrum was obtained under 2 D color Doppler image guide. Systolic and diastolic flow was analysed as systolic peak velocity (SPV), systolic velocity time integrate (SVTI), diastolic peak velocity (DPV) and diastolic velocity time integrate (DVTI). Successful examination was done in 106 patients ( 106/110, 94% ) , In patients with patent LIMA, Doppler spectrum showed a notable diastolic flow spectrum. The results of this study suggested that trans thoracic echocardiographic examination could provide avaluable blood flow information. A notable diastolic flow spectrum can be taken as a sign of satisfactory LIMA coronary diastolic myocardium perfusion.

Objective To measure Tei index in patients with idiopathic or ischemia dilated cardiomyopathy, and to evaluate its correlation with other conventional indexes of echocardiography of left ventricular(LV) function,and its applicability in assessing cardiopulmonary exercise capacity in those patients.Methods Seventy consecutive patients (53?14 years) with heart failure(New York Heart Association [NYHA] class, Ⅱ to IV) who had received echocardiographic diagnosis, and believed to be suffering from dilated or ischemia cardiomyopathy were studied. Echocardiography were performed; LV volume as well as ejection fraction were measured from the apical view of the two-dimensional echocardiogram using a modified Simpson’s rule algorithm in all patients. The following variables: peak early transmitral filling velocity (E), late transmitral filling velocity (A), their ratio (E/A), the deceleration time of E (DT), and Tei index were measured by spectral Doppler echocardiography. Furthermore, all patients underwent a cardiopulmonary exercise using 6min walk test. Results Advanced NYHA class was associated with higher Tei index values. A positive correlation was found between Tei index and early /late filling velocity ratio, while a negative correlation was found between Tei index and A wave, E wave, DT, and LV EF. Tei index showed no correlation with heart rate, blood pressure or age. Compared with the parameters of left ventricular function Tei index had a closer relation to the distance of 6min walk. Stepwise regression analysis revealed that the Tei index and the late LV filling velocity were the only independent predictors for cardiopulmonary exercise capacity.Conclusion Tei index correlates inversely with LV performance and reflects disease severity, which is a useful complimentary variable in the assessment of cardiopulmonary exercise performance in patients with heart failure.

Objective To observe endoplagmic reticulum stress in bone tissue of fluomsis rats and further explore the pathogenesis of skeletal fluorosis.Methods 48 Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups according to their body mass.The control and low.calcium group were fed with normal diet(0.79%calcium)and low-calcium diet(0.79%calcium)respectively,and both drank tap water(sodium fluoride concentrations＜1 mg/L).High fluoride and low.calcium plus high-fluoride groups were fed with normal diet(0.79%calcium)and low-calcium diet (0.79%calcium)respectively,and both drank tap water containing sodium fluoride(sodium fluoride concentrations 221 mg/L).During experimental period,rats were measured body mass once a week with a stand diet and water available ad libiturn.The experimental period was 3 months.The biochemical techniques were used to test the indicators of oxidative stress and ALP in seFum of fluorosis rats.The total RNA was extracted from the one side of the femur,and the transcription level of Bip,Xbp1,CHOP and PDI were investigated by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).Results The level of MDA in serum of low-calcium plus high-fluoride group wag higher than that of the control[(14.74±3.11)μmol/L vs(10.15±1.96)μmol/L,P＜0.05];the activity of GPx was ma~edly higher in hish-fluoride group compared with the control[(3.87±0.41)×103 U/L vs(2.85± 0.55)×103 U/L,P＜0.05];the level of uric acid in sel'um was significantly lower both in high-fluoride group and low-calcium plus high-fluoride group compared with the respective control and the low-calcium group[(73.95± 9.52)μmol/L vs(110.43±25.48)μmol/L,(54.32±22.09)μmol/L vs(101.71±17.01)μmol/L,P＜0.05]. The activity of ALP wag obviously higher in low-calcium plus high-fluoride group compared with the control [(24.77±4.57)×103U/L vs (12.91±3.97)×103U/L,P＜0.01)].The mRNA expression of Bip/GAPDH in bone tissue was markedly higher in bone of high-fluoride group and low-calcium plus high-fluoride group compared with the control(1.38±0.24,1.35±0.12 vs 1.14±0.06,P ＜ 0.05). The expression of Xbp1/GAPDH in bone tissue significantly increased in low-calcium plus high-fluoride groups compared with the control and the low-calcium group (1.48±0.20 vs 1.02±0.25,1.07±0.25,P ＜ 0.05 or ＜ 0.01);and CHOP/GAPDH in bone tissue significantly increased in low-calcium plus high-fluoride groups compared with the control(0.84±0.18 vs 0.52±0.07,P ＜ 0.05 ). Conclusions Accelerated osteogenetic action is seen in fluorosis rats,accompanied by oxidative stress and bone endoplasmic reticulum stress,which is likely involved in the pathogenesis of skeletal fluorosis.

OBJECTIVETo explore the perioperative cardiovascular dysfunction and its relevance to age in patients with silent coronary heart disease (or silent myocardial ischemia), and explore the clinical treatment and recovery of perioperative arrhythmias.

METHODSOne hundred and eighty cases were selected from selective surgery patients with silent myocardial ischemia (SMI). Among the cases, 130 patients older than 51 years old were divided into 51 - 60 year-old group, 61- 70 year-old group and 71 - 80 year-old group. Control group was set up by other 50 patients younger than 51 years old. Electrocardiogram data of 24 h before the operation, 24 h after the operation and 48 h after the operation were continuously monitored by dynamic electrocardiogram (DCG). The electrocardiogram data of ST shifting, arrhythmia incidences of different type and at different time were analyzed by professional doctors. At the same time, the treatment and recovery of perioperative arrhythmia were recorded.

RESULTSAs the age increase, the magnitude and duration of ST shifting appeared upward trend compared to the control group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). The incidence of ST elevation in 71 - 80 year-old group was higher than the control group (P < 0.05). The ST depression duration in 61 - 70 and 71 - 80 year-old group and ST elevation magnitude in 71 - 80 year-old group were higher than 51 - 60 year-old group (P < 0.05). Compared to the control group, the incidence of accelerated idioventricular rhythm (AIR) in 61 - 70 year-old group and the incidence of sinus bradycardia (SB), ventricular premature beat (VPB), ventricular tachycardia (VT) in 71 - 80 year-old group were higher (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Compared to the 51 - 60 year-old group, the incidence of atrial fibrillation (AF) in 61 - 70 year-old group and the incidence of VP, VT, AF in 71 - 80 year-old group were higher (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). The arrhythmia incidences in 24 h after operation were higher than 48 h after operation and 24 h before operation (P < 0.01). As the age increase, the recovery incidence by removing inducement was decreased, but the recovery incidences by drug and electric-shock treatment were increased (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONOld SMI patients have high levels of perioperative myocardial ischemia and arrhythmia, and 24 h after operation is the period of high incidence.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Cardiovascular System ; physiopathology ; Coronary Disease ; physiopathology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Perioperative Period

Bone Cysts, Aneurysmal ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; surgery ; Cartilage Diseases ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; surgery ; Female ; Hamartoma ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Infant ; Mesoderm ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; surgery ; Nasal Cavity ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; surgery ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Nose Diseases ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; surgery ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Fourteen compounds were isolated by column chromatography from the ethyl acetate extract of the seeds of Brassica campestris. Their structures were elucidated by physicochemical properties and spectroscopic data analysis. The isolated compounds were respectively identified as (5Z,7E)-4, 4-dimethyl-5-acetyl-5, 7-nonadienoic acid (1), indole-3-carboxaldehyde (2), blumenol A (3), vinylsyringol (4), sinapinic acid (5), sinapic acid ethyl ester (6), protocatechuic acid (7), crinosterol (8), campesterol (9), 7-oxo-stigmasterol (10), kaempferol (11), 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid (12), syringic acid (13) and daucosterol (14). Compound 1 was a new compound and the other compounds were isolated from this plant for the first time except for compounds 4, 5 and 13.
Brassica ; chemistry ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Molecular Structure ; Seeds ; chemistry ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization

Objective:To analyze the activities of human NKG2D ligand MICA/B promoter induced by 5-Fu.Methods:The 5'-end flanking regions of MICA /B promoter and their different truncated fragments were amplified from A549 genome by PCR. The resulting amplicons were cloned into pGL3-Basic vector to generate the MICA/B luciferase reporter plasmids. All the constructs were transiently transfected A549 cells. The promoter region activities were determined by dual-luciferase reporter assays. The effect of 5-Fu on the promoter activities of MICA/B was also tested.Results and Conclusion:The 5'-end flanking regions of MICA /B promoter and five of their different truncated fragments were successfully obtained. The normalized luciferase reporter gene activities driven by the above promoters and fragments were 3.61,2.26,1.63,0.313,0.711 and 0.663 for MICA and 17.49,10.11,7.398,0.822,0.997 and 0.49 for MICB,respectively. Promoter activities in transiently transfected A549 cells treated by 20,40,80,160 and 320 μg/m of 5-Fu increased 1.69,1.48,1.62,1.55 and 1.78 fold for MICA and 1.44,1.87,1.38,1.19 and 1.25 fold for MICB. Our results suggest that 5-FU can significantly up-regulate the promoter activity of both MICA and MICB.

Objective To observe the level of reduced glutathione(GSH) and oxidized glutathione(GSSG)in a mouse bone cell line MC3T3-E1 cells exposed to fluoride.Methods MTT method was used to detect cell viability of M C3T3-E1 cells exposed to varying concentrations and periods of fluoride [F-concentration:0(control),0.5,1.0,2.0,4.0,8.0,12.0,20.0 mg/L; F-periods:1,2,4 and 10 days].The Xevo TQ MS was employed to test the levels of GSH,GSSG and glutamine (Gln).Results The MC3T3-E1 cell viability was significantly higher in the 2 mg/L group(0.57 ± 0.05) 1 day after the exposure compared to the respective control(0.49 ± 0.03,P ＜0.01); conversely,cell viability was markedly lower in the 8 mg/L(0.49 ± 0.07) and 12 mg/L(0.47 ± 0.09)groups 4 days after the exposure in comparison to the control(0.63 ± 0.06,P ＜ 0.05 or P ＜ 0.01).The cell viability in the 8 mg/L group(1.52 ± 0.29) 10 days after the exposure was significantly higher than that in the control group (0.86 ± 0.23,P ＜ 0.01),however,the value in the 20.0 mg/L group (0.54 ± 0.07) was significantly lower(P ＜0.01).The level of cell GSH decreased significantly in the 20 mg/L groups 2 days[(13.92 ± 4.63)μmol/L]and 10 days [(0.53 ± 0.30)μmol/L]after exposure compared to the respective comtrols [(26.42 ± 3.67),(24.85 ± 5.68)μmol/L,all P ＜ 0.01].The level of cell GSSG markedly increased in the 2 mg/L group 2 days [(1.12 ± 0.62)μ mol/L]and the 8 mg/L group 4 days [(2.13 ± 0.62)μ mol/L]after exposure compared to the controls[(0.55 ± 0.22),(1.46 ± 0.46)μmol/L,all P ＜ 0.05].The similar change was observed in the 8 mg/L group[(2.97 ± 1.30)μmol/L] 10 days after exposure compared to the control [(1.35 ± 0.50)μmol/L,P ＜ 0.05].The level of Glndecreased significantly in the 2 mg/L group[ (62.80 ± 17.4l)μ mol/L] 4 days and in the 8 and 20 mg/L groups 10 days[ (122.26 ± 19.51), (19.38 ± 8.11)μmol/L] after exposure compared to the controls [ (83.28 ±14.32), ( 147.15± 16.95) μmol/L , all P ＜ 0.05 or P ＜ 0.01 ]. Conclusions Fluoride exposure can significantly promote the changes of GSH, GSSG and Gln levels in the osteoblast, thus affecting the intracellular redox equilibrium.

Humans ; Genetic Markers ; Family ; DNA Fingerprinting ; Microsatellite Repeats/genetics*

Child, Preschool ; Fatal Outcome ; Female ; Humans ; Respiratory Tract Infections ; complications ; Shock, Septic ; etiology ; Streptococcal Infections ; complications