Retinal ischemia-reperfusion injury (RIRI) is a common pathological and physiological clinical oculopathy,which can occur in retinal artery and vein occlusion,diabetic retinopathy and acute angle-closure glaucoma.The resulting ischemia can cause cell metabolic dysfunction,serious retinal damage and descending visual function.RIRI is the result of multiple factors.The currently accepted hypotheses mainly include the injury effect of oxygen-derived free radicals,intracellular calcium overload,the action of leucocyte and apoptosis.However the protection and treatment research in the RIRI is limited.The present paper reviews the progression in the drug intervention of RIRI.

Children with plastic bronchitis,characterized by unknown origin,insidious onset,rapid progress,severe symptom and high mortality,is a relatively rare disease.Also,it is difficult to diagnose and treat with plastic bronchitis characterized by marked airway obstruction,via the formation of large gelatinous or rigid airway cast.It is associated with certain diseases including bronchial asthma,cystic fibrosis,accompanied with acute chest syndrome with sickle cell disease,congenital heart disease and bacterial and viral respiratory infection.Clinicians should be aware of this disease,and early bronchoscopy should be intervened.

Fatigue is one of the most common complaints in cancer patients that profoundly affects all aspects of quality of life.However,cancer-related fatigue remains under recognized and poorly treated.This rcview has been conducted with the causes and potential treatments of fatigue in cancer patients.The methods for evaluating fatigue,and possible therapeutic options are also discussed.

Dermatovenereology have developed rapidly in fields including genodermatology, dermatological epidemiology, skin immunology, infectious skin diseases, clinical diagnosis, drug treatment, light therapy, and sexually transmitted diseases in recent years. Meanwhile, many skin diseases and a few venereal diseases still lack effective ways of treatment and control. More efforts should be made in both basic and clinical researches in the related fields.
Dermatology ; trends ; Forecasting ; Humans ; Venereology ; trends

Objective To investigate the association between Down's syndrome(DS) and congenital heart diseases(CHD).Methods A total of 575 cases with DS from Jan.1997 to Mar.2013 in Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University were recruited.Retrospective study was conducted to analyze the prevalence and types of CHD in DS children,the relationship between the karyotype of DS and the types of CHD,and pulmonary hypertension (PH) and operation treatment.Results There were 370 cases(64.35％,370/575 cases) with CHD in 575 cases with DS.Among the 370 cases of CHD,322 cases (87.03 ％) were septal defects.In which,57 cases (15.41％) were atrial septal defects,36 cases (9.72％) were ventricular septal defects,12 cases (3.24％) were atrioventricular septal defects,and 157 cases(47.30％) were complex septal defects.Forty-eight cases(12.97％,48/370 cases) were nonseptal defect types of CHD (including patent ductus arteriosus,tetralogy of Fallot,double outlet right ventricle,pulmonary atresia,and so on).There was no statistical significance between the karyotype of DS and the types of CHD.There were 246 cases(66.49％,246/370 cases) with PH.Seventy cases(18.92％,70/370 cases) had interventional or surgical operations.All of them had descending pulmonary artery pressure after operation.Forty cases had other malformations such as gastrointestinal tract malformation,polydactylism / polydactyly,visual impairment,and so on.Conclusions The most common type of CHD with DS was atrial septal defect,and the second one was ventricular septal defect.There was no relationship between the karyotype of DS and the types of CHD.The patients with CHD in DS were prone to develop PH.So the comprehensive treatment plan should be developed as early as possible.

Integrative Chinese and western medicine therapy exhibited their achievements in reducing adverse reactions, improving the quality of life and prolonging the survival of the primary liver cancer (PLC) patients, which are reflected in the results of surgery, interventional therapy, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, recurrence and metastasis, promoting the liver cell apoptosis, and enhancing the effect of western medicine therapy. This article mainly overviews the current situation of clinical and experimental researches.

Objective To investigate the prevalence of diabetic foot (DF) and the normal,high and low ankle brachial index (ABI) in type 2 diabetic patients and explore the risk factor for abnormal ABI and the clinical predictive value for DF.Methods A total of 2681 type 2 diabetic patients who visited our hospital between January,2007 to December,2009 were enrolled in the study.The clinical data were analyzed and the risk factors for abnormal ABI were determined by logistic regression analysis.Results ABI was normal (0.9-＜ 1.3) in 2362 cases (88.1％),while below 0.9 in 277 cases (10.3％) and equal or over 1.3 in 42 cases (1.6％).The elderly patients (≥ 60 years) had a higher prevalence of low ABI than the non-elderly patients(20.41％ vs.4.10％,P ＜ 0.01).The prevalence of DF was 25.63％,3.05％,26.19％ in ABI ＜ 0.9,0.9-＜ 1.3 and ≥ 1.3 groups,respectively,and the prevalence in groups ABI ＜ 0.9 and ≥ 1.3 was higher than that in group ABI 0.9-＜ 1.3.Similar U-shape distribution was observed in the prevalence of abnormal ABI and DF.ABI was negatively correlated with age,diabetes duration,uric acid (UA),24 hours microalbuminuria,while positively correlated with body mass index (BMI),diastolic blood pressure,triacylglyceride,total cholesterol and glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c).Abnormal ABI was independently correlated with age,diabetes duration,HbA1c,UA,24 hours microalbuminuria,diabetic kidney disease,diabetic retinopathy,diabetic peripheral neuropathy and diabetic vascular diseases.Conclusion The prevalence of abnormal ABI is higher in the elderly patients with type 2 diabetes.Abnormal ABI could be an early predictor for DF.

Objective: To investigate relationships among Cognitive performance,cognitive styles and Neuroticism.Methods: Experimental cognitive tests were administered to 30 Highly and 30 Lowly neurotic individuals under tightened and relaxed cognitive conditions.Results: Highly and Lowly neurotic individuals did not appear any differences in total scores,but significant differences in scores of tightened-relaxed cognitive styles.Highly Neurotic individuals mostly tend to be relaxed cognitive style,and Lowly Neurotic individuals to be tightened cognitive style.Conclusion: Neuroticism does not relate with total scores of cognitive performance under tightened and relaxed cognitive condition,but with tightened-relaxed cognitive styles.

Objective:To investigate the expressions of P27 protein and proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA) in oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC) and to determine the relationship between them. Methods: SP immunohistochemistry was used to detect P27 protein and PCNA in 55 cases of OSCC, 5 biopsies of normal oral mucosa and 20 hyperplastic tissues. Results: The expression rate of P27 protein and PCNA in OSCC were 40.0%,80.0%,which were different from normal oral mucosa and hyperplasia tissues(P0.05). They correlated with malignant behaviors, clinical stages and whether there was lymphnode metastasis or not of the neoplasm(P0.05). Conclusion: Decrease of P27 protein expression and increase of PCNA expression may be important indicators which stand for malignant behavior of neoplasm. The results suggest that their inverse correlation between PCNA and P27 in various forms of oral squamous cell carcinomas may be of prognostic and therapy value.

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the present situation and trend of the antidepressants.METHODS:The antidepres?sants drugs in21hospitals of Hangzhou during2000～2003was statistically analyzed with respect to sales sum,market struc?ture etc.RESULTS:The total amount for antidepressants increased dramatically year by year.The consumption of the im?ported antidepressants has been decreasing while that of the domestic has been increasing and that of the antidepressants from the joint ventures remained stable.CONCLUSION:There is a great potential for the development of antidepressants;the sales amount and the consumption sum take on a trend of increasing rapidly.