Objective To study the effect of dimethyl fumarate (DMF) on Aβ-induced oxidative stress by regulating NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) expression and its mechanism.Methods Rat astrocytes were divided into Aβ group,DMF group,Nrf2 group and Nrf2 +DMF group.Expressions of Nrf2,Nqo1,Ho-1,Keap1 mRNA and HDAC were detected by RT-PCR and Western blot respectively.Results The expression levels of Nrf2,Nqo1 and HO-1 mRNA were significantly lower in Nrf2 group and Nrf2+DMF group than in Aβ group and DMF group (P＜0.05) and were significantly higher in DMF group than in Aβ group (P＜0.05) while the expression level of Keap1 mRNA was significantly lower in DMF group and Nrf2+DMF group than in Aβ group and Nrf2 group (P＜0.05).The expression level of HDAC was significantly lower in DMF group and Nrf2+DMF group than in Aβ group and Nrf2 group (6.41±0.43 vs 9.01±1.54,P＜0.05;6.72±0.30 vs 8.76± 0.74,P＜0.05).Conclusion DMF increases the Nrf2 expression by inhibiting the HDAC expression,thus reducing Aβ-induced oxidative stress in rat astrocytes.

To investigate the effects of human anti-BAFF scFv-Fc against the hsBAFF, ICR mice were randomly divided into six groups: control, hsBAFF (1 mg x kg(-1)), hsBAFF (1 mg x kg(-1)) + Ab (1 mg x kg(-1)), hsBAFF (1 mg x kg(-1)) + Ab (2 mg x kg(-1)), hsBAFF (1 mg x kg(-1)) + human IgG (1 mg x kg(-1)) and hsBAFF (1 mg x kg(-1)) + human IgG (2 mg x kg(-1)) groups. The effects of scFv-Fc administration on the proliferation of B lymphocytes were evaluated using an MTT assay. The titres of antibody in the serum and B lymphocytes differentiation were assessed by ELISA and flow cytometry, respectively. The results showed that administration of scFv-Fc to mice injected with hsBAFF significantly prevented human BAFF-induced increases in splenic B cell numbers and serum immunoglobulin levels. Furthermore, this fully human antibody would avoid inducing the human anti-mouse antibody (HAMA) response when used in humans. These findings suggest that the compact antibody may be useful in therapeutic or diagnostic application of the BAFF-associated autoimmune diseases in human.

Objective How to avoid the rejection of the synthetic patch and human tissue has become an urgent problem to be solved.The article investigated thein vivobiocompatibility of polypropylene mesh scaffold with adipose -derived stem cells(ADSCs) in rabbits. Methods Rabbit ADSC suspension were prepared.ADSCs were seeded onto polypropylene mesh scaffolds after passage and amplification and cultured invitro for 1 week .The polypropylene mesh and ADSC fixed polypropylene mesh were implanted respec-tively into the surface of rectus abdominis in rabbits.4 weeks later, adhesion and erosion of the meshes were evaluated, HE staining was used in histological observation and RT-PCR was applied to detect the dynamic changes of VEGF mRNA level.ADSCs were isola-ted from rabbit subcutaneous adipose tissue after collagenase digesting, filtrating and centrifuging. Results The results of flow cy-tometry showed that the expressions of CD44, CD73, CD90, CD45, CD14 and CD34 were 98.54%, 95.32%, 98.49%, 1.21%, 3.01%, 2.14%, respectively.Polypropylene mesh, ADSC-fixed polypropylene mesh had different degrees of corrosion and adhesion , but polypropylene mesh showed denser adhesion.In comparison with polypropylene,ADSC fixed polypropylene meshes induced a mil -der chronic inflammation response,with lower scores for inflammation (1.1 ±0.2 vs 0.6 ±0.1, P=0.001), higher scores for neovas-cularization (17.0 ±0.0 vs 2.6 ±0.3, P=0.000) and fibroblastic proliferation(0.9 ±0.1 vs 2.2 ±0.2, P=0.001).Relative a-mounts of VEGF mRNA of were significantly lower for ADSC-fixed polypropylene compared with the remaining polypropylene meshes (t=94.6, P<0.05). Conclusi on Polypropylene mesh scaffold with ADSCs exhibits excellent cellular compatibility and have a bright future in clinical practice.

Objective To investigate the clinical effects of two minimally invasive surgical treatments for billary acute pancretitis.Method In this study,63 patients with billary acute pancretitis were prospectively divided into two groups.Patients in group A received laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) and laparoscopic transcyctic common bile duct exploration (LTCBDE) within 72 hours of onset,group B underwent endoscopic nasobiliary drainage (ENBD).The two groups were evaluated by blood amylase and urine amylase,alanine aminotransferase,aspartate aminotransferase on postoperative day 1,3,5,local complication and the recurrence rate within 6 months.Result Blood amylase was lower in group A than that in group B (P =0.04) on postoperative day 1.There were no significant differences in amylase,aminotransferase of two groups on postoperative day 3,5 (all P ＞ 0.05).The incidences of local complications and pancreatic necrosis infection were 2.7％,7.7％ respectively(P =0.13) ; the incidences of pancreatic pseudocyst were 5.4％,7.7％ (P =0.42) ; the recurrence rate within 6 months were 2.7％ and 19.2％ respectively(P =0.006).Conclusions The clinical curative effects of early LC and LTCBDE or ENBD on billary acute pancretitis showed no significant differences,but the recurrence rate of acute pancretitis within 6 months revealed that early LC and LTCBDE may be more effective.

OBJECTIVE： Four different one－ week triple therapeutic schemes to eradicate Helicobacter pylori were compared by pharmacoeconomic analysis to provide a scientific method for rational assignment of our limited medical fund.METHODS： According to literature reports,892 cases of duodenal ulcer and gastritis with Helicobacter pylori were selected.These patients were randomly divided into four groups which received different one－ week triple therapeutic schemes： OMC(Omeprazole＋ Metronidazole＋ Clarithromycin),OFC(Omeprazole＋ Furazolidone＋ Clarithromycin),OFA(Omeprazole＋ Furazolidone＋ Amoxicillin)and BFC(Colloidal bismuth subcitrate＋ Furazolidone＋ Clarithromycin).The schemes were evaluated with pharmacoeconomic cost－ effectiveness analysis.RESULTS： The cost－ effectiveness ratios of OMC,OFC,OFA,BFC for gastritis or duodenal ulcer were 16.19/17.33,17.30/13.93,11.40/10.56,11.17/10.75 respectively.They changed to 16.36/17.51,17.49/14.08,8.15/7.55,11.66/11.20 by sensitivity analysis.CONCLUSION： OFA is the most effective and inexpensive one to eradicate Hp.

ObjectiveTo investigate the prevalence of 15 skin diseases in adolescents from Liangshan prefecture in Sichuan Province.Methods A stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select subjects.Adolescents from 2 urban and 3 rural middle schools were investigated,who were required to fulfill self-report questionnaires and received physical examinations by doctors.ResultsA total of 7747 adolescents aged from 12 to 20(15.86 ± 1.86) years were included in the investigation,and skin diseases were present in 6379 adolescents,with a total incidence of 82.34％.In average,each subject suffered from 1.3372 ± 0.96861 skin diseases.Of the adolescents,4698(60.64％) had acne,2219(28.64％) freckle,966(12.47％) lichen pilaris,792(10.22％) eczema or dermatitis,511(6.60％) urticaria,195(2.52％) papular urticaria,37 (0.48％) vitiligo,55 (0.71％) psoriasis,166 (2.14％) verruca vulgaris,168 (2.17％) flat wart,317 (4.09％) tinea manus and pedis,142 (1.83％) tinea corporis,62 (0.80％) chloasma,26 (0.34％) nevus flammeus,15 (0.19％) nevus of ota.Male adolescents showed a higher incidence of acne(63.91％ vs.58.50％),but a lower incidence of eczema,lichen pilaris,freckle,chloasma and psoriasis compared with female adolescents.The incidence of acne,vitiligo,psoriasis and melasma were higher,while that of freckele was lower(25.93％ vs.29.58％ ) in Yi adolescents than in Han adolescents.Increased incidence of acne and papular urticaria and decreased prevalence of urticaria,freckle,melasma and lichen pilaris were observed in urban adolescents compared with rural adolescents.ConclusionsThe prevalence of skin diseases is high in adolescents from Liangshan prefecture.Of these 15 skin diseases,acne,freckle,lichen pilaris,eczema and urticaria are the 5 most common diseases in the area.Differences exist in the incidence of skin diseases between male and female,Han and Yi,urban and rural,adolescents.

Objective To study the effect of angiotensin Ⅱ and aldosterone (ALD) in patients with congenital heart disease by preoperative nursing interventions at high altitude area. Methods 86 patients with congenital heart disease were divided into the experimental group and the control group on average by random. The experimental group was treated with preoperative nursing interventions and routine nursing before operation and the control group was treated with routine nursing only. Angiotensin Ⅱ and aldosterone were detected before anesthesia, 30min after operation and after pulling out of endotracheal tube respectively. Results The concentration of Angiotensin Ⅱ and aldosterone was significantly lower in the experimental group than the control group. Conclusions The risk of open surgical operation for congenital heart disease at high altitude can be reduced by preoperative nursing interventions.

Aim To investigate whether melatonin ( MT) can alleviate endoplasmic reticulum( ER) stress at an early stage of bleomycin( BLM)-induced lung fi-brosis in mice. Methods Adult healthy male ICR mice were divided randomly into control group, MT group, BLM group and MT + BLM group. In MT group, mice had saline treatment 30 minutes after hav-ing the intraperitoneal injection of MT (10 mg·kg-1 ) and had been intraperitoneally injected with MT once in the following every 24 hours. In BLM group, mice were intratracheally injected with a single dose of BLM (5 mg·kg-1). In MT+BLM group, mice had been intraperitoneally injected with BLM 30 minutes after having MT and had been injected with MT once in the following every 24 hours. In control group, mice re-ceived the same level of saline treatment in the same manner. All mice were dissected for collecting the tis-sue of lungs at different time points (24h, 72h) after BLM treatment. Inflammatory cell infiltration of lungs was determined by HE staining. The level of ER stress related proteins ( GRP78 , p-eIF2α, p-IRE1α) in lungs was determined using Western blot. The distribu-tion of ER stress related proteins ( GRP78 , p-IRE1α, ATF6α, p-PERK) in lungs was detected by immuno-histochemistry. Results The model of BLM-induced acute inflammation of lung fibrosis in mice had been successfully constructed. After BLM treatment, lung weight, lung weight ratio and inflammatory cell infiltra-tion were significantly increased with a significant cor-relation between time and effectiveness. After MT treatment, lung weight, lung weight ratio and inflam-matory cell infiltration were significantly reduced. The results of Western blot showed that MT pretreatment not only prevented the increase of BLM-induced GRP78 protein significantly, but also restrained the phosphorylation of eIF2α and IRE1α in mouse lungs. Immunohistochemistry also showed that MT pretreat-ment reduced the expression of GRP78 , p-IRE1α, ATF6α and p-PERK. Conclusion MT alleviates ER stress effectively at an early stage of BLM-induced lung fibrosis in mice.

Objective:A novel tuberculosis DNA vaccine integrating siRNA,fusional antigen and hIL-12 triple expression units was constructed in our laboratory.Methods:To evaluate the independent expression of the three expression units,two eukaryotic expression plasmid pVAX1-siRNA-PVAE[EGFP]-hIL12 with TB fusional gene Ag85B-ESAT6(PVAE) and enhanced green fluorescent protein(EGFP),and pVAX1-siEGFP-PVAE[EGFP]-hIL12 with siRNA coding sequence targeting EGFP instead of Mcl-1L were constructed.Then two plasmids were used to transfer human embryonic kidney 293 cells.Based on EGFP report gene,it was demonstrated that siRNA expression unit and fusional antigen gene were independently expressed.Results:The hIL12 expression at 48h and 72h post transfection were also detected by ELISA analysis up to 1571.63pg/ml and 2392.25pg/ml respectively in the cell culture fluid.Conclusion:The results demonstrated that the novel DNA vaccine with siRNA,TB fusional antigen and hIL12 three expression units in the same plasmid frame is successfully constructed and independently expressed in eukaryotic cells.It laid a foundation for further animal model study on anti-tuberculosis effects of this novel DNA vaccine.

BACKGROUND:Duchenne muscular dystrophy is recognized as a fatal X-linked recessive inheritance. It is caused by the dystrophin gene mutation, resulting in the deficiency of dystrophin and consequent degeneration and necrosis of muscle fibers gradual y. Becker muscular dystrophy is also caused by the mutation of the same gene, but presented with less severe clinical symptoms compared with Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Frameshift mutation destroys the reading frames, and thus the translation cannot proceed smoothly to transcript functional proteins. In-frame mutation cannot destroy the reading frames and hence the translation can proceed smoothly. But in-frame mutation involves the whole hydrophobic regions. The three-dimensional structure of these regions and their functionality are not interpreted clearly. The effects of these regions on disease development need to be clarified in detail from the point of structure and function.
OBJECTIVE:By analyzing Kate and Dolittle scale mean hydrophobicity profile, to investigate the dystrophin hydrophobic regions using Swiss-model so as to provide the supplement explanation on the reading frame rule.
METHODS:Form 2002 to 2013, 1 038 cases diagnosed as Duchenne muscular dystrophy or Becker muscular dystrophy were col ected in the First Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University in China and Leiden DMD information database was searched with deletion of codon mutation information available. The correlation between clinical types and genotypes was analyzed upon resources col ected above. The mean hydrophobicity profile of dystrophin was analyzed by Bioedit as wel as the reconstruction of hydrophobic domains using Swiss-model. Thus, the important functional domain of dystrophin was confirmed by analysis and the correlation between clinical types and genotypes.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Four hydrophobic regions were confirmed:Calponin homology domain CH2 on actin-binding domain, repeat 16 domain, Hinge Ⅲ domain and EF Hand domain. Duchenne muscular dystrophy was developed as a result of the destruction of the 1st, 2nd and 4th hydrophobic regions which were the conjunction of dystrophin and associated protein in dystrophin-glycoprotein complex. When the 3rd hydrophobic was deleted, the repeat domain located on central rob domain remained its continuity so that the clinical symptoms were less severe. These findings indicate that the dystrophin hydrophobic regions act as an important role on the pathogenesis of Duchenne muscular dystrophy.