Humans ; Olfaction Disorders ; Smell ; Trigeminal Nerve

Objective To investigate the role of serum in children with Kawasaki disease(KD)in acute stage and ?-globulin role in monocyte cell-produced leukotriene B4(LTB4).Meanwhile,to investigate the effects of the monocyte cell conditioned media(MCM)on the expression of leukotriene B4 receptor 2(BLT2)in endothelial.In order to understand whether LTB4-BLT2 pathway gets involved in vascular damage in KD and the mechanism of ?-globulin in the lessening vascular damage of KD.Methods The concentration of LTB4 in cell culture after the stimulation by serum of healthy children,serum of acute KD and serum of acute KD with ?-globulin were observed,respectively.The expression of BLT2 in the endothelial was determined by flow cytometry.Results 1.The serum of children with KD increased the concentration of LTB4 in MCM(P

BACKGROUND: Herbal wines are an important part of the traditional Chinese medicine. The traditional medicated wine, lishizhen herbal wine,which can strengthen the immune function, has long been used for some chronic diseases. But,its mechanism remains unclear.OBJECTIVE: To explore the immune pharmacodynamics of lishizhen herbal wine and to observe its effect on the immune organs (spleen,pancreas) and lymphocyte transformation rate in mice.DESIGN: A randomized controlled experiment based on the observation of the experimental animals.SETTING: Department of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine and the department of pharmacology of a university hospital MATERIALS: The experiment was completed at the Central Laboratory of Zhongnain Hospital of Wuhan University from September 2000 to December 2000. A total of 90 healthy Kuming mice were involved in the study.METHODS: Different doses of the herbal wine,cartinellin and the same volume of distilled water were given to the experimental animals. The drug administration was orally injected directly to the stomach of the animals once a day and 10 days consecutively. One hour after the last administration,the animals were put to death. Then,the thymus gland and the spleen were taken out and weighed to calculate the indexes of the thymus gland and the spleen. In the last three days of the administration phytohemagglutinin(PHA)was injected intramuscularly at a dose of 10 mg/kg once per day. Two hours after the last administration, the tails of the mice were cut out, the blood samples were taken to perform the Wright' s staining,and 100 lymphocytes were counted under immersion and the transformation rate was calculated.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Primary results: ① The effect on the immune organs of normal mice; ② The effect of PHA on stimulating the lymphocyte transformation in mice. Secondary results: ③ The death condition of the experimental animalsRESULTS: Different doses of the herbal wine increased the spleen index in different degrees. The effect of medium dose group was obvious[(3.71± 0.78) g/kg] (P <0.05),and the thymus gland index increased a little (P>0.05). The cartinellin in the positive control group increased the spleen index[(3.79±0.91 ) g/kg] and there was no impact on thymus gland index. The transformation rates of the lymphocytes of different groups were increased to a different degree and presented a good quantity-effect relationship,especially the group administered a large dose[(45±14)%] (P<0. 01).CONCLUSION: Lishizhen herbal wine has an effect of increasing cellular immune function.

The bioreactor production of recombinant Lateolabrax japonicus growth hormone (rljGH) expressed intracellularly by Pichia pastoris was investigated. A strategy of feeding methanol at the exponential rate was established and the effect of specific growth rate on the rljGH production was examined. The results indicated that the average specific production rate increased and the rljGH production duration decreased as the specific growth rate increased. The maximum specific rljGH production (0.58 mg/g WCW) was achieved at a specific growth rate of 0.029/h. The effect of supplementing ammonium sulfate, peptone and yeast ex- tract on the rljGH production was further investigated. The results indicated that the effects of ammonium sulfate and peptone were not significant. Supplementing yeast extract of 2.5 g/L was advantageous for the rljGH production. The duration of the rljGH production was increased to 23 h from 17 h and the fermenta- tion stability of run-to-run could be improved.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expression of adaptin-2(AP-2) in mice cochlea and to discuss the probable role in the endocytosis of hair cells. METHOD: Laser scanning confocal microscopy and immune-fluroscence histochemistry were performed in this study. RESULT: In mature mice cochlea, the immunoreactivity for AP-2 was found in the inner hair cells cytoplasm. This protein mainly expressed in the hair cells basal part and nearby the ribbon synapse. CONCLUSION AP-2 protein mainly expressed in the hair cells synaptic activity zone , which suggested that AP-2 could play an important role in the synaptic vesicle endocytosis. This finding built the foundation for the further research involved in the physiological and pathological role of AP-2.
Adaptor Protein Complex alpha Subunits ; metabolism ; Animals ; Cochlea ; Hair Cells, Auditory ; Hair Cells, Auditory, Inner ; metabolism ; Mice ; Microscopy, Confocal ; Synapses

Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Maxillary Sinus ; pathology ; Middle Aged ; Paranasal Sinus Diseases ; etiology ; surgery ; Young Adult

RhoA, a small GTPase, is involved in a wide array of cellular functions in the central nervous system, such as cell motility, cytoskeleton rearrangement, transcriptional regulation, phagocytosis and cell growth. It is not known how spinal cord injury (SCI) affects the expression of RhoA in different nerve cells. In the present study, we investigated the changes of RhoA expression in remote areas of the injury at the 3rd, 7th and 30th day after SCI, which was established by T10 contusion method. Moreover, we examine its expression profile in neurons, astrocytes and microglia. RhoA was found to be weakly expressed in these nerve cells in normal spinal cord. Western blotting showed that, after SCI, the total RhoA expression was up-regulated, and the RhoA expression was increased and peaked at the 7th day. Double immunostaining revealed specific and temporal expression patterns of RhoA in different nerve cells. The expression of RhoA in neurons started to increase at day 3, peaked at day 7 and then decreased slightly at day 30. Expression of RhoA in astrocytes increased moderately after SCI and peaked at day 7. There was no obvious change in RhoA expression in microglia after SCI in remote areas. This study demonstrated that, after SCI, RhoA expression exhibited different patterns with different nerve cells of spinal cord. RhoA expression patterns also changed with time after SCI, and among different nerve cells in the injured spinal cord. These findings can help us better understand the roles of RhoA in SCI.

As one of the major sources of infection, viruses could infect all organisms including bacteria, plants, animals, and humans. Infectious diseases caused by viruses pose a great threat and damage to human health and economic activities all over the world. Adaptor-associated protein kinase 1 (AAK1) is a member of the Ark1/Prk1 family of serine/threonine kinases and a specific key kinase regulating the phosphorylation of AP-2 protein μ2 subunit T156. In the past, AAK1 has been regarded as a feasible biological target for the treatment of nerve pain. Recently, scientists have found that inhibiting AAK1 can regulate endocytosis and inhibit virus invasion into cells. Therefore, AAK1 could be the potential target of anti-virus therapy. This paper reviews the research progress of small molecule AAK1 inhibitors in the field of antiviral, analyzes the future research directions and challenges, and provides new ideas for the development of antiviral drugs targeting AAK1.

To explore a new method to identify Moutan Cortex to guarantee its safe use, internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) sequence was used to identify Moutan Cortex and its adulterants. DNA was extracted and target fragments were amplified. Sequences were analyzed and assembled by CodonCode Aligner V3.7.1. Genetic distances were computed and phylogenetic tree was constructed based on kimura 2-parameter (K2P) model by MEGA 5.0. The length of the 20 ITS2 sequences of Moutan Cortex from nine different places is 227 bp, and no variation site was detected. The maximum inter-specificK2P distance of Moutan Cortex is 0, the minimum intra-specific K2P distance is 0.041, the average intra-specific K2P distance is 0.222. According to NJ analysis, Moutan Cortex from different places can get together as one branch with bootstrap support values 99%, which indicates Moutan Cortex can be easily distinguished from its adulterants. Using ITS2 sequence can accurately identify Moutan Cortex and its adulterants, it is an effective supplementary to traditional identification methods.
Base Sequence ; China ; DNA Barcoding, Taxonomic ; methods ; DNA, Plant ; genetics ; DNA, Ribosomal Spacer ; genetics ; Drug Contamination ; prevention & control ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; classification ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Paeonia ; classification ; genetics ; Phylogeny ; Quality Control

Objective To explore the prognosis related genes of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC)and investigate the molecular regulation mechanism.Methods Gene expression data of 102 PDAC patients with complete clinical survival data were selected from gene expression database of National Center for Biotechnology Information.The 106 transcription regulation gene collection was collected from Transfac database.The 715 microRNA (miRNA)target regulation gene collection was selected according to PicTar and TargetScanS method.Biological pathway data obtained from the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG).The known cancer genes were collected from the cancer gene census (CGC) database.Univariate Cox proportional hazards model was used to analyze the correlation between gene expression data and survival time,then obtained survival related candidate genes from the whole genome. Then the enriched genes were analyzed by hypergeometric distribution algorithm from three databases. Multiple correction testing was performed by BH-FDR method (FDR < 0.05 ).Kaplan-Meier was performed for survival curve analysis of PDAC.Results The results of data of 102 PDAC patients analyzed by univariate Cox proportional hazards model indicated that 273 genes were significantly related to the survival time of patients (P <0.000 1 ).After 273 survival genes were enrichment analyzed in 106 transcription factor regulation gene collection,12 survival genes enriched transcription factor target gene sets were found.After 273 survival genes were enrichment analyzed in 715 miRNA target regulation gene collection,11 survival genes enriched miRNAs target sets were discovered.After 273 survival genes were enrichment analyzed in pathway data of KEGG,15 survival genes enriched pathways were obtained. Period circadian clock 2 (PER2 )was regulated by CCAAT/enhancer binding protein (CEBPA)at transcription level and regulated by miRNA-32 after transcription.The prognosis of PDAC was affected by circadian rhythm pathway.The 102 patients with PDAC were ranked according to the expression of PER2 from high to low,the first 51 cases were included in PER2 higher expression group and the left were included in PER2 lower expression group.Kaplan-Meier survival analysis indicated that PER2 was significantly correlated with prognosis of PDAC (P <0.01 ).Conclusion CEBPA/miRNA-32/PER2 and its related circadian clock pathway may be the target pathway in interfering the development of PDAC,and is correlated with the prognosis of PDAC.